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Banic
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According to the The Land Inventory Brebion a certain Manoilo from Banic donated a field under Čerěnce, not far away from the field of lady Zoia, to the Monastery of the Holy Virgin of Htetovo (Niva pod Čerěn᾿cemь blizь kira Zoine nive, koju dade kir Manoilo ōtь Banicь, na 13 zametь).
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Chonuche (Konjuh)
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Chonuche was most probably inhabited with interruptions from the 3rd century AD to the 14th century. It might be identified with Tranupara on the Tabula Peutingeriana. The only written medieval evidence regarding Chonuche comes from 1372. A transport of goods belonging to the Ragusan merchant Junije Bunić, who lived and worked in the city of Thessalonike, was at that time intercepted and looted by a certain Junije Sorkočević assisted by a nobleman in the service of the Dragaš family. This assault took place near the fortress of Chonuche (un logo che a nome lo chastelo Chonuche) on the road between Thessalonike and Novo Brdo in Kosovo (E pero siando partidi de Salunihi e çonti in lo teren del despoti Dragas in un logo che a nome lo chastelo Chonuche, la si vene Guno de Sorgo con 1 çintilomo de Dragas et si me tolsi queste chose sovrascrite con V chavali). A market (merchado) and an inn (albercho) in Chonuche are also mentioned.
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Kavadarci, Gradište - Devolgrad, ancient city, medieval settlement, necropolis and two churches
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Kavadarci, Gradište - Devolgrad, ancient city, medieval settlement, necropolis and two churches location: 2.5 km from the village of Drenovo, on the right bank above the Raec River, on a high hill before the entrance to the Raec Gorge.
the nearest road: highway Gradsko-Prilep
topographical situation: the southern slope of the Gradište hill is terraced and a settlement of 17 ha has grown on it.
ancient horizon: fortified settlement: identified as the city of Audarion (Eurist), one of the Paion centers; the walls of the fortified settlement are Hellenistic, without plaster. There are no other solid buildings with plaster.
archaeological finds: a large number of movable finds and hundreds of coins from the 4th century AD, when it almost died out and flourished as a rural settlement until the end of antiquity.
Early Christian horizon: Two early Christian basilicas located south of the settlement with rich architectural plastic from the 5th and 6th centuries.
medieval horizon:
fortified settlement: At the western end of the old acropolis, a medieval dry wall fortification. The wall covers a triangular space measuring 170 x 40/50 m. The eastern end is separated by an internal wall in the acropolis, measuring 50 x 20 m. On the northern side, it rested on a vertical part of the rock, and it is accessible from the southern side. In the northwestern part there is a water cistern, deeply cut into the living rock during the Hellenistic period. In the southern part, residential layers have been preserved.
movable finds: numerous movable finds were carried away by erosion: a medieval hearth and table ceramics, tegulas of the so-called Komnenian type, pieces of glass beads, bronze Slavic jewelry (10-13th century), numerous iron arrowheads, knives, etc. A decorated bronze belt buckle with a lion-griffin in relief dates from the 9-10th century.
coins found by: John I Tzimiskes, Michael IV, Constantine IX (from the end of the 10th and 11th centuries); of John III Doukas Vatatzes, Michael VIII, Andronikos II and Michael IX (from the 13th and 14th centuries).
jewelry: earrings and rings of the 10th–11th centuries
remains of sacred buildings: on the ridge east of the fortress there are also traces of medieval buildings. Two of them are smaller churches, one of which has been completely excavated and the other partially. The Komnenian-type tegulas with which they were covered refer to the 12th and 13th centuries.
necropolis: On the eastern slope of Gradište there are medieval graves. The lower-town was spread over the middle terrace to the south of the fortress.
historical data: The town of Devol was the regional center of Raec and a fortified guard on the important road from Vardar to Pelagonia. Its name is derived from the Greek name Diavol (enemy, devil), certainly at the time of the separation of the Slavs from Byzantium (9th century). It is identical to the second, much more famous Devol near Korča, the seat of the church in the 9th and 10th centuries and the first capital of Samuel. The lack of larger and solid buildings from the late Middle Ages in Devol indicates that its importance has been lost even before the Serbian conquest of these regions, and its place was taken by the town of Tikveš 10 km to the south.
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Kavadarci, Resava, Gradot - Tikveš Town
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Gradot - Tikveš Town, settlement and necropolis from the early antique, Roman and medieval periods, Resava, Kavadarci
location: 2 km west of the village of Resava, on top of a small buried hill (80 m above the Tikveška River).
the nearest roads: an important mining road led through the Dolina Crne towards the mines in the Kožufa massif, while at the Tikveška river a local road led through Tikvešija to Vardar in the east (today the Vozarci — Kavadarci — Negotino road). From the top of the city, two roads away to the north, south and east were controlled.
archaeological research: 1959-1961 and 1967-1968; Archaeological Museum in Skopje; conducting research: A. Keramitčiev
ancient horizon: During the Hellenistic era, there was a fortified settlement on the flat top, 4-5 ha in size. Finds: ceramics, coins from 3-1. BC. During the late Roman period, a large fortification measuring 140 x 155 m was built on that area. The wall around it was strengthened with at least 7 towers. In the 6th century, the wall was rebuilt in several places, and a small acropolis with an inner wall was built in the southeast corner.
Finds: coins from the 4th, 5th and 6th centuries.
medieval horizon:
the medieval fortified city of Tikveš:
Some of the mentioned restored parts of the wall may date from the late Middle Ages, while the acropolis was completely rebuilt in the Middle Ages (dimensions 56 x 30 m). Half a century ago, its walls rose up to 4 m above the ground.
sacred objects: a small church was built inside the acropolis, while another small church is located in front of the western entrance.
Finds: medieval pottery, numerous small objects minted from iron, Byzantine coins from the 13th century.
It is obvious that the acropolis was the core of the "city" of Tikveš, while the area around it and within the ancient walls (covering 2 ha) was inhabited successively later. It was used to accommodate auxiliary facilities — stables and warehouses, workshops, guard rooms, blacksmith workspace, etc., and their foundations were discovered during excavations.
suburban settlement in a later period:
In the valley of Tikveš along the river, on a large area east of the City, there are remains of a lower town settlement. With the aforementioned excavations, before the submergence of this terrain in the new Tikveš Lake, smaller churches with remains of fresco painting were excavated (Tikveš-Manastirče, a smaller church with fragments of frescoes, the transition from the 15th to the 16th century, Tikveš Gramada, with fragments of frescoes from the end of the 15th century) and cemeteries around them in 3 places. These remains date from the 13th century (coins) to the 15th and 16th centuries (frescoes).
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Prilep, Manastir, Markovi Kuli-Gradok, early Christian basilica, medieval fortress and church
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location: near the confluence of the Lesnička River and the Crna River, a high hill with a flat plateau called Gradok
medieval fortification: remains of ramparts about 2 m wide, built with wide stone, area 1ha, covered with construction rubble and fragments of medieval ceramics
archaeological findings: coins (folis of John I Tzimiskes, end of the 10th century), jewelry (bronze ring and part of a bracelet, 10th-12th century)
early Christian basilica: at the southeast end of the plateau are the remains of a three-nave basilica (dimensions 15 x 8 m); it is built of bricks, pressed stone and lime mortar; the apse and side walls are partially preserved
church: ten meters southwest of the basilica are the remains of a small church, built from the same material and using the same technique
dating of the church: not determined
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Slavištе
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Slavište is attested for the first time in the charter of the Byzantine Emperor Basileios II (reigned 976-1025) for the Archbishishopric of Achrida (Ōhrid) from 1019. It is listed as a part of the Bishopric of Morobisdos (Morozvižd) (Καὶ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον Μοροβίσδου εἰς αὐτὸν τὸν Μορόβισδον καὶ τὸν Κοζιάκον καὶ τὴν Σλαβίστην). A poem in honor of the Byzantine general Michael Dukas Glabas Tarchaneiotes, which is the work of the Byzantine writer Manuel Philes (13th/14th c.), mentions amongst others the Byzantine conquest of Slavište (Εὐτζάπολιν δὲ συλλαβὼν Μοροβίσδου, Σκόπιά τε Σθλάβιτζαν ἐξ εὐανδρίας, Καὶ τὸν Πίαντζον καὶ τὸ περὶ τὸν Στρόμον, Καὶ τὸν περὶ Στρούμμιτζαν ἄφθονον τόπον). Slavište is attested in the charter of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin (reigned 1282-1321) for the Monastery of Gračanica from 1315 (or 1321) (I po Vraniju I po Slavištu i po… i po Zletovoi, i po Morozvizdu, i si...makije iže ōt ōblasti grьčьskyje, gospodьstvujei kralь Srьbskihь Zemlь, i po jegově milosti koje podastь ōbladati jepiskupii, ili Prizrenьskoi ili Lipljanьskoi, i po Liplaně i po Moravě). A road to Slavište is mentioned in the founding charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (reigned 1331-1355) for the Bishopric of Zletovo from 1346/47 (i putemь koi grede u Slavišta). Due to the few and ambiguous sources, the question remains open, whether Slavište was both a town and a region in the Middle Ages. The Nahiye Slavişte formed a part of the Sanjak Köstendil in the Ottoman period (16th century).
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Zagrad (1)
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In the year 1344/45 King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the donation of the village of Vlьčije to the Monastery of Treskavec. In the boundary description of the village preserved in the charter also the village of Zagrad is mentioned ((Selo Vlьčie, a tomu selu megje: gde se stae Vlьčevska Rěka s Ljubovšticomь, ta po hrїdu na putь vlьčevski, grede na Mužicь, tьžde putь do Malihь Koritь, ōkolo vsěhь Malihь Koritь i gorě na Myslovrьhь, i niz brьdo na Peklišta po hrїdu k Zagradu, i dolu gde se stae Vlčevštica i Ljubovštica, gde je i počelo)
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Zagradčane
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The Church of the Holy Mother of God Peribleptos in Ohrid bought the estate of Kaliman in Zagradčane. The church received also as a donation for the sake of salvation the property of Gjurgič in Zagradčane. Both possession were confirmed by the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the charter for the The Church of the Holy Mother of God Peribleptos (U Zagradьčanehь město kupeničijemь Kalimanovo i Gjurgičevo što je dano crьkvi zadušnina). The village of Zagradčane is registered in the Defters for the Nahija Ohrid between the years 1536 and 1539 and under the year 1583.
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Zletovo
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The first written reference to Zletovo comes from the charter of the Byzantine Emperor Basileios II for the archiepiscopal see of Ōhrid from the year 1019. Zletovo (καὶ τὴν Σθλετοβὰν) is listed as part of the Bishopric of Morozvizd (Morobisdos). The Saint Gavrilo Lesnovski departed for the Lěsnovo Monastery (vь monastirь Lesnovskyj), from which he was released after a probationary period with the blessing of the abbot to enter a hermitage near the monastery and Zletovo (za nekoj skïtь blizь prjamo manastirь, vь dolь prjamo Zletovo). According to the Vita, the Saint Gavrilo Lesnovski also came to the aid of a local Bulgarian prince named Mihail in the fight against the Pechenegs and Cumans. Mihail had to flee from his opponents to Ratkovica (vo stranu Ratkovicu). He was able with the assistance of the saint to sidle up to the opposing general Mavragan near Rataica in Zletovo (u Slětovo) and to kill him (u Rataicě i ubi Mavragana). Zletovo was withdrawn from the sovereign authority of the Byzantine Empire in 1282/1283 during the reign of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin (i Zletovu). Zletovo is mentioned in the charter of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin for the Gračanica Monastery from 1315 (or 1321?) (i po Zletovoi). The scribe Stanislavь completed in 1330 a Slavic manuscript in the Monastery of Saint Michael the Archangel in the mountains of Lěsnovo, which was in the domain of Ovče Pole and the region of Zletovo (vь ōblasti ōvčepolьskoi vь horě zljętovstěi, v gorě lěsnovьstěi, v monastiri stgo arhistratiga Mihaila). The scribe Stanislavь finished his prologue of the manuscript in the time, when Dragoslavь ruled over the land of Zletovo as Župan (ōbdrьžjaštu horoję Zlętovьskoję županu Dra’goslavu). According to the Slavic founding inscription for the Lěsnovo monastery from 1340/41, the monastery received annualy 100 perpers from the revenue of the market in Zletovo (ōd zletovьskago trьga na godine sto perperь). The same inscription mentions the vineyards of the town of Zletovo (nadь gьrdsko lozie). However, Zletovo with its urban metochion was not included in the endowment for the Lěsnovo Monastery in 1340/41, 1346/47, or 1381. The scribe Stanislavь copied a Menaion at the request of Jovan Oliver destined for the Monastery of the Saint Michael the Archangel in Lěsnovo in 1342 in Zletovo according to the colophon of the manuscript written in Slavic language (vь horě Zletovcěi). In the founding charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan for the Eparchy of Zletovo with its seat in the Monastery Lěsnovo from the year 1346/47 the erection of the monastery by the Serbian Espot Jovan Oliver is mentioned. Jovan Oliver built a church in honor of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel in the Zletovo region in Lěsnovo (sьzdati jemu hramь vь ime velikoslavnyhь i besplьtnyihь činonačelnikьь arhistratiga Mihaila i Gabrïila, vь straně že zletovьscěi rekomōje Lěsnovo; crьkvi Arhanggelu u Zletovoi; crьkvi Arhanggelu u Zletovoi). Zletovo appears in the boundary description of the hamlet/village Globica in the founding charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan for the Eparchy of Zletovo with its seat in the Monastery Lěsnovo from the year 1346/47 (i što se kь Zletovoi kami vali tozi Zletovu budi a što se kь Globici vali tozi crьkvьno). In addition, the charter confirms the annual revenue of 100 perpers from the market in Zletovo for the Eparchy of Zletovo with its seat in the Monastery Lěsnovo (ōtь zletovьskago trьga). The Bishopric of Zletovo (episkopi zletovьskoi) owned also possessions in Pianitza according to the same charter. A note in the Slavic manuscript Lesnovski parenesis relates that it was written in Zletovo at the place called Lěsnovo in the Monastery of the Holy Archangel Michael in 1353 (vь zemli zljatovsьskoi, vь městě rekoměmь Lěsnovo, vь ōbiteli svetago arhistratiga Mihaila), as Arsenije was the Bishop of Zletovo. In 1354/55 the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan gave permission to his nobleman Vlatko Paskačić to donate the Church of Sveti Nikola in Psača, which Vlatko had erected on the inherited property of his father, together with the appertaining metochion to the Monastery of Hilandar (I vьspomenu carstvu mi prěvьzljubljenʼny i pravověrnii vlastelinь carstva mi Vladko ō crьkvy svetago Nikoly jaže jestь sьzdalь na svoōi baštině Pʼsači a sь blagoslovljenijemь carstva mi...i poljubi prěd carstvomʼ mi i priloži svoju baštinu crьkvь svetago Nikoli na Psači prěsvetěi Bogorodici hilandarьskoi sь vsěmь metehōmь). Stefan Uroš IV Dušan enlarged Vlatko's endowment with land near Krilatica, where a certain Neōr had resided and where the Emperor had moved miners from Zletovo (I na Krilatici zemlja koja jestь ōt Trnov’ca na čimь jestь sědělь Neōrь, posadi rudare koje prěseli ōt Zljetove). The Eparchy of Zletovo was probably abolished around 1370. After 1376/77, the Serbian Despot Jovan Dragaš (Ioannes Dragases) and his brother Konstantin Dragaš (Konstantinos Dragases) confirmed that the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos possessed the churches of Saint Dimitrije and Saint Nikola in Zletovo (u Zletove stgo Dimitrïa, i svety Nikola). The Serbian local ruler Konstantin Dragaš confirmed on the 15th August 1381 that the Hilandar Monastery had the right to become the annual revenue of 100 perpers from the market in Zletovo aimed for the Lěsnovo Monastery (I ōd trьga zlětovьskoga da uzima Arhanggelь lěsnovьski na vsako gōdište r. Perьperь, jakože pišetь u hrisovuli carskomь). A forged charter from the 15th century, also known as the charter of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin concerning the settlement site Ulijare settlement from 1318, relates, among other things, about the conquest of Zletovo by the Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin between the years 1282 and 1284 (Zletovu). The Lěsnovo Monastery is registered in the Defter for the Sanjak Köstendil from 1570 to 1572 as Arhangel. The Lěsnovo Monastery possessed in Zletovo five watermills. Zletovo appears also in the Defter for the Sanjak Köstendil from 1570 to 1572 as as Izltva.
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Črьnče
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The Serbian King Stefan Uroš II Milutin donated the field of Akropolites under a road towards the castle Črьnče to the Monastery of Saint George-Gorg (Niva Akropolitova nis putь koi grede na grad Črьnče di protopope Desisava na Podu). He also granted a field under the fortress Črьnče near the possessions of the butcher Tihomir to the Monastery of Saint George-Gorg (Niva pod Črьnčemь blizь Tihomira Makelara, do Rada Trьpezice i do puta koi grede u selište). In the boundary description of Vodno also Črьnče and the road to Črьnče is mentioned (A mege vodьnьske: poiemše ōd voděnice bistijaritove Kutrevice, ta na Mramorь pod visь, ta putemь koi grede na Črьnče, ta na Črьnče,...)
The fortress was restored the fourth time in between the 11. and 13. century.
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Štenče, Hillfort
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The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan donated together with his son, the Young King (mlad kralь) Uroš, the village of Štenče together with all rights and boundaries to the Monastery of the Holy Virgin in Htětovo (Štenče selo sь vsěmi pravinami i s megami, sь modričkymi i gostivarskymi, i do metochyje Svetyje Nedělje, pravo nizь děl prěz Veliku, na Dubь jedini, na Lisiče Jazbine, pravo naa Mogilice, na cěstu u Crьveni Brěg, a ōt Crьvenoga Brěga pravo na Glogovnikь). The monastery received also the hillfort of Štenče with ground, hill (mountain), trees (wood), which belonged to the Byzantine emperor (i samo gradište Štenče, što je bylo carevo, ili je polje, ili je brьdo, ili je drěvo).
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