Maps of Power

Serbian Empire

Begin 16.04.1346
End between 01.12.1371 and 31.12.1371

Properties

ID	201
System Class	Group
Case Study	Byzantino-Serbian Border Zones in Transition (1282–1355) , Historical Region of Macedonia TIB 16

Relations

Actors (133)

Name	Class	Relation Type	Description
(Despotović) Uglješa	Person	Nobleman	He died probably as an infant before 1368. He was the child of Ioannes Unklesis and Euphemia. He became two icons as a baptismal gift from Theodosios, the Metropolitan of Serres. Despot Ioannes Unklesis (Ioan Uglješa) came to the Hilandar Monastery in order to bid farewell and commemorate his deceased son Uglješa (Prišьdšu že mi vь hramě prěsvetije Bogorodice Hilan’darě, i viděvь grobь gospodina mi i roditelja svetopočiv’šega kesara i sina mojego po plьti Uglješe; vь pomenь carьstva mi i gospodina mi i roditela kjesara i sina mi Ugleše). Euphemia composed a lament over the premature death of her son. Between 1368 and 1371 was the lament over Uglješa (Despotović) inscribed under the patronage of Euphemia on the silver revetment, which connected the two icons of Uglješa (Despotović) and made a diptych. Euphemia donated the diptych icon to the Hilandar Monastery for the salvation of the soul of her son. The tomb of Uglješa (Despotović) is situated in the northern side of the nave in the Hilandar katholikon.
(Paskačić) Vladko	Person	σεβαστοκράτωρ/Sevastokratorь	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan concerning the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača from 1354/1355 and in the inscription accompanying his painted portrait in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The portrait of Vlatko was painted probably between 1365 and 1371. He appears as prěvьzljubljenʼny i pravověrnii vlastelinь carstva mi in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. The inscription describes him as sevastokratorь vse srьpьske zemlie vladko. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan gave in 1354/1355 permission to his nobleman Vladko (Paskačić) to donate the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača, which Vladko erected on the inherited property of his father Paskačь, together with the appertaining metochion to the Hilandar Monastery (I vьspomenu carstvu mi prěvьzljubljenʼny i pravověrnii vlastelinь carstva mi Vladko ō crьkvy svetago Nikoly jaže jestь sьzdalь na svoōi baštině Pʼsači a sь blagoslovljenijemь carstva mi...i poljubi prěd carstvomʼ mi i priloži svoju baštinu crьkvь svetago Nikoli na Psači prěsvetěi Bogorodici hilandarьskoi sь vsěmь metehōmь). The painted portrait of Vladko is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The fresco displays him with his whole family. The representation of Vladko and his father Paskać, who are hoisting the model of the church to the icon of Saint Nicholas, can be described as an act of the joint ktetorship.
(Povika?) Radoslav’	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	Identical with Radoslav Chlapen (Radoslabos Chlapenos)?. The old editor of the charter read the passage in the manuscript, which described his occupation, as Tornik and explained the word as his family name. He appears in the sources from 1355 to 1368. The charter refers to him as κῦρ. He was the Governor of Prizren, 1355?, Governor of Serres and čelnik (κεφαλῆς κῦρ τζελνίκου τοῦ Ῥαδοσθλάβου), 1365-1368. He was a relative and an oikeios of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene), presumably her son-in-law (τοῦ οἰκείου τε τῆ κραταιᾶ καὶ ἁγία ἡμῶν κυρία καὶ δεσποίνη καὶ γαμβροῦ ταύτης). According to the hypothesis of Konstantin Jireček Radoslav was the brother of čelnik Miloš and logotet Gjurgь from the Povika family. His name was interpolated in the falsified chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan from 1355, which confirmed the Monastery of Saint Petar Koriški as a metochion for the Hilandar Monastery. It can be inferred from context of the charter that he was at that time Governor of Prizren. He was an assessor in the court summoned by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres. The court decided the dispute over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George in favor of the Esphigmenu Monastery against the Kastamonitu Monastery. He signed in August 1365 the charter issued on this occasion in Slavonic (Kefalja Radoslav’). He wrote to the Ragusan republic and confirmed that the belongings of the deceased logotet Gjurgь were rightly bequeathed to his second brother Miloš. He issued the respective document „in domo suo in civitate Serrarum“ on the 15th May 1368.
(Vlatković) Ugl(j)eša	Person	καῖσαρ/Kesarь	It is estimated that he was born around 1359. His last appeareance in the source is in 1423. He held the title of kesarь (kesarь Ugleša gospodarь Serblemь i Podunaju i vsěhь zapadnihь stranь). He was the son of Vladko (synь sevastokratōrovь Ugleša) and Vladislava. His son Stěfanь was buried in the Monastery of the Holy Virgin in Ljubostinja. An inscription in the naos of the church, which was made between 1402 and 1405, is commemorating his son Stěfanь (A se leži Stěfanь kesara Ugleše). It is likely that the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. bestowed upon him the title of kesarь. Ugl(j)e)ša was apperently in a subordinate position to Konstantin Dragaš before 1395. After 1395 he became a vasall of the Ottoman sultan. Miloš Blagojević believes that Ugl(j)eša participated in the battle of Ankara in 1402. His role in the battle of Gračanica is described by Konstantin Kostenečki, who wrote the biography of the Despot Stefan Lazarević. He left the Ottomans in the beginning of the battle and defected to the army of Stefan Lazarević. On the side of despot he reconquested the region of Vranje, Inogošt and Preševo, which he inherited from his father (Běše že togda i kesarь Ugleša sь ismaility i tь mnogo služenije sьtvori sь sьlanijemь kь blagočьstivomu izь sihь sьvěty i kovy vьzvěštaje, taže po malě i samь priběgь podь krilě despotu Stefanu i zemlju svoju otьčьskuju Vranju i Inogoštu i Prěševo prějetь i udrьža). He fought in 1410 together with Stefan Lazarević in the battle of Kosmidion, where the Ottoman Prince Musa was defeated. The Byzantines escorted the army of Stefan Lazarević and Ugl(j)eša on their ships back to their homeland via Wallachia. His domains were attacked by the force of Musa in 1412. Musa plundered Vranje and endangered Novo Brdo. He donated in 1423 the Church of Saint Nicholas in Vranja with the village Vranje, all rights, boundaries, watermills, fields and meadows, the church of Saint Nicholas in Lučani with all rights and boundaries and the village Trnovac with all boundaries and rights to the Hilandar Monastery (blagověrni kjesarь Uglješa, imeja želanije i usrьdije i ljubovь kь prěčistyje vladyčice našei Bogomateri iže vь Svetěi Gorě Athona, carskije ōbiteli, domu prěčistyje vladyčice naše Bogorodice velikyje lavri Hiladara, dahь bo i prьvo crьkvu Svetago Nikolu u Vraniju tako i selomь Vranemь sь vsě pravinami sela togo, sь vsemi megjami i vodenicami, i s’ nivami i s livadami, i iněmь sь vsěmь. I crьkvu u Lučanehь Svetago Nikolu sь vsěmi pravinami i megjami sela togo. I selo Trьnovcь, sь vsěmi sinori i megjami i pravinami sela togo). The painted portrait of Ugl(j)eša as a child is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. He is depicted in the front of his grandparents Paskačь and Ozra.
(Čihorić [Drugović]) Dabiživь	Person	Enohijarь	He was a member of the noble family of Čihorić in Trebinje. He had three brothers (župan Vratko, župan Nenac and tepčija Stepko). He served as a sluga for the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan 1334–1345. He was the Cupbearer (enohijarь) of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V in 1362. Dabiseus Drugouich bought in 1334 at Brskovo a horse from the inhabitant of Ragusa Miloš Hlapović for 30 perper. He came in 1343 to the župa Žrnovnica with Marcus Maurocenus in order to see the property of Sorento from Ragusa, which was near the boundary between the realm of the Serbian Kingdom and the Republic of Ragusa (ad uidendum confines Rusci de Sorento cum Dabiseo sluga). His name appears from 1343 to 1345 in the Liber omnium reformationum. According to it did the people of him cause frequently harm to the Ragusians in the župa Žrnovnica. The emissaries of the Republic of Ragusa complained before the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in October 1345 that Dabiživь established a fair in Trebinje and imposed a tax for the goods exported and imported by the Ragusans. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan accepted the complaints of the Ragusans and forbade Dabiživь to collect any taxes from the Ragusans (Piše kraljevstvo mi da jestь bědomo vsakomu, kako pridōše poklisarie, vlasteli dubrovьčьci, kraljevstvu mi pod Serь – Piro Grubešikь Marьtolь Črěvikь i Paske Gučetikь – i govoriše kraljevstvu mi na slugu Dabiživa, kako e učinilь trьgь na Trěbini i uzima ōd tovara dinarь kto grede i u Dubrovьnikь izь Dubrovnika, i ōd dobitka koi grede u Dubrov’nikь. i govorěe Dabiživь prědь kraljevstvomь mi: „uzimano e i prěžde, ōnazi carina ōnьdězii.“ A govorěke poklisarie dubrovьč’ci: „Tazi carina ne uzimana ōd veka, ōdkole světь stalь.“ I kraljevstvo mi iz’nage erě ne uzimana tazi carina i u moihь dědь i pradědь i u rodietelja kraljevstva mi i u kraljevstva mi. I sьtvori milostь kraljevstvo mi vsemь vlastelomь dubrovьč’cimь, vělimь i malimь, da ne ōnogazi trьga na Trěbini, kagō ga i prěžde ne bilo. I po sema sega da ne uzima Dabiživь Dubrovьčanomь ni carine da ni koega dohodьka, ni trьgov’cu dubrovьč’komu, ni vlahu, ni srьbinu, da nikōmu i k’to grede Dubrovьnikь, izь Dubrovьnika. I vsaci vlasteli koi te stagati po Dabiživě da ne uzima carine tezi do veka věk, ni u syna kraljevstva mi da ni u koga nastoeštago kralja u Srьblihь). In October 1349 he received together 10 perper from the Ragusans (In minori consilio, sono campane solito congregatio, captum fuit et firmatum de donando de havere communis Dabisco yppos X). He was probably buried in the Monastery Church of the Holy Mother of God at Treskavec near Prilep. His tombstone with an inscription has been preserved on the northern wall of the monastery church (měseca genara: uspe rabь božiei dabiživь: enohijarь: cara uroša: vьse srьbьskyi zemьle: grьčьskje: i pomorьskje vь leto: ѕ: ō: o: enьdikta).
Abrampakes Michael	Person	οἰκεῖος	Mentioned in the sources from April 1346 to May 1355. He appears as οἰκεῖος and δοῦλος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the documents. He was a kephale (governor) of Serres in 1346. His mother was probably Eugenia Abrampakina Tatadena. Michael Abrampakes allowed Georgios Batatses Phokopulos to build a watermill. He issued a charter on this occasion. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the permission granted to Georgios Batatses Phokopulos by Michael Abrampakes in the prostagma charter from April 1346 (Ἐπεὶ ὁ οἰκεῖος τῆ βασιλεία μου κὺρ Γεώργιος ὁ Φωκόπουλος ἐδικαιώθε διὰ γράμματος τοῦ οἰκείου αὐτῆ κεφαλῆς τῆς θεοσώστου πόλεως Σερρῶν κὺρ Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Ἀβραμπάκη καὶ λοιπῶν ἀρχόντων τῆς βασιλείας μου καὶ τῶν ἐντιμοτάτων ἐκκλησιαστικῶν ἀρχόντων, ὥςτε ποιῆσαι σύνεγγυς τοῦ μύλωνος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἕτερον ὑδρομύλωνα). His former estate is evidently attested in the land inventory the Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres. The monastery bought his possession (ἕτερον ἐξ ἀγορασίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀβραμπάκη). He signed in May 1355 the contract of his mother, who sold a large shop to the Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres.
Amerales	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the dedicatory inscription found on the western wall of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad from 1368–1369. He appears as a ὁ πανευγενέστατος Ἀμηράλις ὑιος αὐτοῦ in the inscription next to his portrait. He was the son of the kaisar Nobakos and Kale. His sister was Maria. His father kaisar Nobakos sponsored the renovation and decoration of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad in the year 1368–1369 (Άνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρου καὶ κόπού καὶ μόχθοῦ ὁ θεϊος κὲ πάνσεπτος ναώς ουτος της υπεραγίας δεσπίνης ἡμων Θεοτόκου καὶ ἀνηστορίθην παρὰ του αὐφθέντου αὐτοῦ πὰνευτυχεστάτου κέσαρος Νοβάκου ἠγουμενέβῶντὸς δὲ Ἰωνὰ μοναχοῦ. Αὐφθεντεύβοντος πανυψηλοτάτου κραλήου τοῦ Βεληκασίνου. Άρχαηερατεύωντος δὲ τῆς ἀγιωτάτης ἀρχιεπησκοπῆς τῆς Πρότης Ἰουστινηανης, ετους ͵ςωοζʹ). The family portrait of Nobakos has been preserved on the western external façade. He and his sister are painted to the left of the virgin, who is the central figure of the ktitorial composition. He is portrayed as a small boy.
Ananias	Person	Bishop	Attested in the possessor note on the fol. 247 of the manuscript Ottob. gr. 405 from the 12th century preserved in the Vatican library. He was the Bishop in Strumica. The possessor note (αὕτη ἡ θεῖα καὶ ἱερὰ βίβλος ὑπάρχει τοῦ θεοφιλεστάτου ἐπισκόπου στρουμνήτζης ἀνανίου) does not mention any chronological details, when the book came in the possession of Ananias. Erich Trapp dates his occupation of the bishop’s office to the 14th century. Other scholars suggest that he was identical with Ananias, the Bishop of Strumica, who was active in the 16th century.
Anataulas	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Esphigmenu Monastery from April/May 1346. It is not clear, if he was the son of the Sebastos Georgios Anataulas and the father of Georgios Anataulas. He possessed a part of the village Portarea in the Chalkidike, which was previously held by the Esphigmenu Monastery. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan returned the property in the village Portarea to the monks of the Esphigmenu Monastery in April/May 1346 (Ἀντὶ δὲ τῆς γενομένης κατατριβῆς καὶ ζημίας εἰς τὰ κτήματα καὶ μετόχια ταύτης καὶ δι’ ἣν ἐνεδείξαντο εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν μου οἱ τ̣οιοῦτοι μοναχοὶ σχέσιν καὶ εὔνοιαν, εὐεργετεῖ πρὸς αὐτὴνν τὸ πρὸ χρόνων τινῶν χρατηθὲν καὶ ἀποσπασθὲν εἰς τὸ χωρίον τὴν Πορταρέαν μέρος καὶ δοθὲν τῶ Ἀναταυλᾶ ἐκείνω).
Andrěašь	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	He died between 1394 and 1399. He was killed in the battle of Rovine on 17th May 1395 according to the Dečanski letopis (Va lěto 6902 razbi mirčje voevoda vlaški pajazita na rovinahь i tu pogibie marko kraljevičь i kōnstantïnь, i andrea, i koimenь, oktōbrïa 10 gь). One of the first preserved epic poems about the brothers Marko and Andrijaš from 1556 relates about the murder of Andrěašь by his brother Markos. He appears as kralevikь in the inscription on the edge of the vault of the Saint Andreas Church by the river Treska. He was the son of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos and Lena. His siblings were Markos, Dmitьrь, Ivanišь and Olivera. He is attested along with his mother Lena and his brother Marko in the charter of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos for the Ragusan Republic, which was issued on 5th April 1370 (i po vʼse dni veselešti mi se vь zemʼli kraljevstva mi sь prěvьzljubljenʼnomь kraljestva mi kralicomь kyra Lěnom i sь prěvьzʼljubʼljenʼnimi synovi kraljevstva mi Markomь i Anьdrějašemь). After the death of his father in 1371 he remained at the court of his mother Lena. He minted his own coins with the legend blagověrni andreaš. Grubadin, the kefalija of Porěčie district, send him a message about the disobedience of his garrison force (Gospodinu mi Andrejašu ōd Grubadina tvoegō kefalije...tuži mi se ōt [tvoih?] junakь neposluha). Andrěašь appears in the ktitorial inscription above the south door in the interior of the Church of the so-called Marko’ Monastery (Saint Demetrius Monastery in Sušice near Skopje), which was completed in 1376/1377 (Izvōlenïemь ōtca i voplьšenïem sina i sьšestviemь svetago duha ōbnovi se i popisa si svety i božestavni hramь svetago velikōmučenika Hristova pobědōnosca i myrotočьca Dimitrija sь usrьdïemь i potštanïemь blagověrnago kralja Vlkašina sь blagověrniei kralice Eleny i sь prěvazljublenym eju i prьvorodnimь sinomь blagověrnimь kraljemь Markomь i Andreašemь i Ivanïšemь i Dimïtrom vь lěto ·ѕ·ō·p·e· si že monastirь nače se zdati lěto ·ѕ·ō·n·g· vь dni blagověrnago cara Stefana i hristoljubivago kralja Vlьkašina a sьvrši se vь dьni blagověrnago i hristoljubivago kralja Marka). He together with his mother Lena was the ktitor of the Saint Andreas Monastery by the river Treska. In 1388/1389 he endowed the monastery with villages near the field and beyond the hill: The ktitorial inscription above the entrance on the western wall of the naos gives account about the villages Bukurci and Poviьlno, which were exchanged for the villages Momkovo and Ivanje from the endowment of the Saint Demetrius Monastery near the village Sušica (the so-called Marko’s Monastery) (trudomь i podvigom hristoljubivago raba božija andrěaša sina ftorago blagověrnago kralě Vlьkašina i kralice Eleni monahini Elisaveti i eliko vьzmožno bistь dahomь i priložihomь svetěi crьkьvi sela u poli i u zabrьdi sь metohomь i pravinami jaže pisana sutь izvěstně o vsemь jaže o nihь v vrevi vь hrisovulě. I si dvě selě tamo Bukurci i Povilьno vь zaměnenie crьkьvi sušičkoi z govoromь i dahomь za Momkovo i za Ivane poneže tako priležno bistь ōboimь crьkьvamь imeti tako sija sela bezьsьmušena vь utvrьždenie lěto ·ѕ·ō·č·z· indiktiōn). The list of villages granted to the Saint Andreas Monastery by the river Treska by Andrěašь appears in another inscription on the edge of the vault of the Saint Andreas Church by the river Treska (trudomь i podvigomь raba božia kralevikь andreaša se že priloženie svetě crьkьvi hrisovulě sьvoiomь.....selo Šišoevci i metohь jego sь obě straně rěke i orašie i lovišta. Selo Dučinci s metohomь starimь i lovišta i Kačěpuri s metohomь. Selo Ivane i Lozno s metohomь. Selo Dlьbočica i Uzdolie s metochomь. Selo Lukovica i Krušica s metohomь....Zaselie sa vьsěmi pravinami selь tehь lovišta i planine). He together with his brother Markos marched with the troops of the Ottoman Sultan Murad I against the army of the Serbian Prince Lazaros (Lazar Hrebeljanović) and Bulkos (Vuk Branković) according to the Tronoški rodoslov from the 18th century (Amuratь že ōbrativь voinstvō skoe na deržavu lazarevu, predvodimь markomь i andreemь). He probably left Macedonia with his brother Dmitьrь following the meeting at Serres in winter 1393/1394, because they refused to serve the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I. He and his brother Dmitьrь came in summer 1394 to Dubrovnik. They received on 10th August 1394 374 perper and 6 grossi from the treasury of their father, which was deposited at the place of the nobleman Pavle Barabić (Paulus de Baraba). The last part of the treasury was reserved for their brother King Markos (denarii quondam regis Volchassini....due partes Andree et Dymitrio, filiis et heredibus condam regis Volcasini, mandato prescripti domini rectoris perperos trecentos septuaginta quatuor et grossos sex, tertia parte dictorum yperperorum reservata pro Marcho rege). Dmitьrь and Andreas were pleasently surprised by the large amount of money, that was paid to them by the Ragusan republic. They migrated afterwards in Hungary according to a later charter of the Ragusan republic to the duke Sandal Hranjić from 1423, where they found their livelihood (trovaron pane).
Angelikudes Kallistos	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	He is to be identified with Kallistos Kataphygiotes and Kallistos Telikudes. He was active in the second half of the 14th century. He was born around 1325 according to Koutsas. He died after 1377. He appears as a κῦρ in the charters of the Patriarch of Constantinople Philotheos Kokkinos. He was a Monk, man of letters and Pro-Palamite Theologian. He founded the small monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik. The Patriarch of Constantinople Philotheos Kokkinos appointed him between March and May 1371 as father confessor for his fellow monks. The patriarch of Constantinople Philotheos Kokkinos declared at Kallistos’ request his foundation a starouropegial monastery in May 1371. He and his monks are mentioned in an unpublished document from the Batopedi Monastery, which was issued in the year 1377. He composed the treatise Hesychastic consolation (Ἡσυχιαστικὴ παράκλησις), which consisted of 30 sermons. He refuted no less than 2000 extracts from the Summa contra Gentiles of Thomas Aquinas, which he know from the greek translation made by Demetrios Kydones. He is the author of more than 220 chapters dedicated to the Palamite teaching. Most of them were later incorporated in the Philokalia collection. He also wrote hymns, prayers and of a letter probably to his disciple Makarios Kataphygiotes.
Armpenos	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in 1343 by the Byzantine historian Ioannes Kantakuzenos. He came from Chlerenos (Florina). He was a subservient of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan entrusted him with the task to negotiate with the inhabitants of Beroia about the surrender of their town. Armpenos contacted the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos and persuaded the assembly of Beroia’s citizens to join the emperor.
Asan Alexios	Person	δοῦλος	Mentioned in the charters issued by the Metropolitans of Serres from August 1365 and August 1375. κῦρ, οἰκεῖος and δοῦλος of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene). δοῦλος of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Paleologos. He was the cousin of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene). He was an assessor in the court summoned by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres. The court decided the dispute over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George in favor of the Esphigmenu Monastery against the Kastamonitu Monastery. He signed in August 1365 the charter issued on this occasion (Ὁ δοῦλος καὶ ἐξάδελφος τῆς κραταιᾶς καὶ ἁγίας ἡμῶν κυρίας καὶ δεσποίνης Ἀλέξιος Ὁ ἈΣΑΝ). He was the member of the judicial panel summoned by Theodoros, the Metropolitan of Serres. The judicial panel confirmed the claim of the convent of Alopu on Mount Athos on the land Klopotitza. He authenticated the document, which was issued for this reason, by his own signature (Ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ κραταιοῦ καὶ ἁγίου ἡμῶν αὐθέντου καὶ βασιλέως Ἀλέξιος ὁ Ἀσάν).
Asanь Tutko	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the two variants of the chrysobull charter confirming the donations of Hrelja to the Hilandar Monastery in the area of Štip and Strumica issued by the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan and in the charter of the Serbian Despot Jovan and Konstantin Dragaš and their mother Evdokija for the the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on Mount Athos from 1376/1377. He was a pronoiarios. He possessed along with Tutko Asanь the settlement site Štuka and a parcel of land. In the second variant of the inauthentic chrysobull charter is the land held by Laskarь Siderofai and Tutko Asanь described only as neighbouring the village Sekirnik (Selište Štuka i komatь zemlje što su drьžali pronijarije grьčьscïi Tut’ko, Asanь, Laskarь Siderofai, konь Sekir’nika do potoka i više puta i podь putь i niže krьsta/ i zemlju što su drьžali pronijarije grьčьsci Tutko, Asanь, Laskarь Siderofai, konь Sěkir’nika do potoka i više puta i podь putь i niže krьsta). A land near Strumica, the church of the priest Simona Prьkja and an area in its vicinity, which belonged to Laskarь Siderofai and Tutko Asanь, were the subject of a land dispute between the Hilandar Monastery and the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos. An arbitration-comitee was summoned at the behest of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš to resolve the conflict. Danilь, Bishop of Vodoča and Strumica, Grigorije, the Bishop of Banьska, and Stanko, the Pristav of the governor of Strumica, deliminated the boundary between both litigants in the presence of witnesses (o zemli konь Strumice i crkvi popa Simona Prьkje i zemli Laskara Siderofaga i Tutkově). According to the charter of the bishops a gathering of noblemen and people witnessed in the time of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan that the land of Tutko Asanь and Laskarь Siderofai did not extend as far as the village of Mokrievo and Mokrani (Tokožde i za zemlju Laskara Siderofaga i Tutkovu – ně bila u grьčkje d’ni s Makrijevom ni s Mokrani, i pri cari Stefaně znamo: uze gusa konje careve i ljudi izbiše, i posla carь da plati okolina priselicu, i izide okolina vsa, vlastele i hora, i rekoše prěd gospodinom caremь Stepanom: ničija od nasь zemlja ně, tьkmo Hilandarska, i dalь ju je Hrelia kjesarь Hilandaru, i imaju siju u hrisvuli cara Stepana). In 1376/77 the mother of the Serbian Despots Jovan and Konstantin Dragaš, Evdokija, donated together with her sons the village of Mokrievo with boundaries, summer pasture, mountain, vineyards, fruit trees, watermill, vegetable gardens, field, meadow, hunting grounds, river and fords and the land of Tutko and Siderofaiev to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on Mount Athos (Selo Makrijevo sinoromь, sь planinomь, zь brьdomь, sь vinogradi, s voštьjemь, sь vodeničьjemь, sь kipurijami, sь poljemь, sь lugomь, sь lovišti, sь rekomь, zь brodovi, i zemlju Tutkovu i zemlju Sideropsajevu).
Bardales, Markos Angelos	Person	οἰκεῖος	Probably identical with the poet Markos Angelos, who wrote the poem on Eros and other verses on the emperor. He was active in the middle of the 14th century. Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Batopedi Monastery from April 1348 and in the act of the Ecumenical Patriarch Kallistos and the patriarchal synod from September 1350. He appears as κῦρ and οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan and οἰκεῖος of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI. Kantakuzenos. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed in April 1348 the endowment of Markos Angelos to the Batopedi Monastery. It consisted of chapells, houses, fields and vineyards from his patrimonial property in the area of Zichna (ὁ οἰκεῖος τῆ βασιλεία μου κῦρ Μάρκος ὁ Ἄγγελος εὐκτήρια, ὀσπήτια, χωράφια καὶ ἀμπέλια ἐκ γονικῆς αὐτῶν ὑποστάσεως ὅσα καὶ οἷα εἰσίν). He was among noble witnesses in the case of hieromonk Niphon before the patriarchal synod in September 1350.
Belkos	Person	ἄρχων	Mentioned for the year 1350 by the Byzantine historian Ioannes Kantakuzenos. He was the ἄρχων of the Fortress Gynaikokastron. Ioannes Kantakuzenos designates him as a Serbian. He broke his promise to surrender the fortress Gynaikokastron to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos, as soon when the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan came with the Serbian troops to Thessalonike.
Berislavь	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the the so-called „zbirna hrisovulja” of the Serbian Kings Stefan Uroš II Milutin and Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, which has been preserved in four transcripts in the library of the Monastery Hilandar. They are dated between 1303/1304 and 1336/1340-1342/1345. He founded the Church of Sveti Georgij in the settlement site Srьbšori, which was granted with vineyards and fields by the Serbian kings to the Monastery of Hilandar (I crьkvь svetago Geōrьgia, što jestь zidalь Berislavь na selišti Srьbšori, sь vinogradomь i sь nivijem i sь vseju ōblasti crьkve te: Sinorь ōt Pupavnicu po dělu ba lokьvu i na Gornicu, ta na drumь i na Zubovo Krušije niz rěku do trapa srьbskago, da jestь metohь svete Bogorodice hilandarskyje).
Blukasinos Demetrios	Person	Čelnik	The name Demetrios is attested in the memorial book (pomenik), which has been preserved at Protaton in Karyes on Mount Athos (Protaton 340 [113], 1v: Ἔτι δεόμεθα ὑπὲρ μακαρίας μνήμης καὶ ἀφέσεως τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τῶν ἀειμνήστων δούλων τοῦ Θεοῦ Δημητρίου κράλη καὶ Ἰωάννου δεσπότου καὶ τῶν σὺν αὐτοῖς ἀναιρεθέντων ὀρθοδόξων χριστιανῶν). He died on 29th June 1371 during the battle against the Ottomans at Černomen/Marica. He held the dignity of Despot from January 1364 to September 1365 according to G. Ostrogorsky (Sь že Vlьkašin spodobi se ōt njego čьsti despotatskago sana, potom že i věnčavajetь jego). He worked as a royal wine-pourer (οἰνοχόος) of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He held the position of Župan in Prilep, 1350/1351 (pri županě Vlьkašinu...vь dьnь blagověrnago cara našego Stefana i syna mu Uroša i carice Elene...kьga se ōtvrže Berь). He witnessed the apparently falsified charter issued by the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V in 1355 for the inhabitants of the town of Kotor as he held the position of čelnik (e zeonich Vucasin). In January 1366 ugodni vlastelin Novakь Mrasorovikь addressed the request to the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) and also the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos to approve his donation of the village Koprivljane to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos. Both of them confirmed the endowment of Novakь Mrasorovikь to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos in a separate chrysobull charter (kralь Vlьkašinь blagōvěrni Srьblemь i Grьkomь). In November 1366 he is mentioned as king in the archives of the Ragusan republic. He is attested in the Ragusan archives with name and the title of king for the first time in April 1367 (domino regi Rassie Volchassino). He was probably a co-ruler of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. between 1365 and 1368/1369. This is proven by the fact that his portrait is next to Stefan Uroš V. on the northern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača, they appear together on coins and they both accept embassies from the Ragusan republic. The situation changed in 1368/1369. The ktitorial inscription of Nobakos, apparently identical with Novakь Mrasorovikь, in the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad mentions that the decoration of the church was painted during the reign of the highest king Demetrios Blukasinos (Άνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρου καὶ κόπού καὶ μόχθοῦ ὁ θεϊος κὲ πάνσεπτος ναώς ουτος της υπεραγίας δεσπίνης ἡμων Θεοτόκου καὶ ἀνηστορίθην παρὰ του αὐφθέντου αὐτοῦ πὰνευτυχεστάτου κέσαρος Νοβάκου ἠγουμενέβῶντὸς δὲ Ἰωνὰ μοναχοῦ. Αὐφθεντεύβοντος πανυψηλοτάτου κραλήου τοῦ Βεληκασίνου. Άρχαηερατεύωντος δὲ τῆς ἀγιωτάτης ἀρχιεπησκοπῆς τῆς Πρότης Ἰουστινηανης, ετους ͵ςωοζʹ). It seems, that Demetrios Blukasinos took all the power immediately after the victory over the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V and his coalition at the Kosovo field in 1369. The proof that he ruled without Stefan Uroš V is the charter for the Ragusan republic issued on 5th April 1370, which he signed alone by himself (gospodina zem’li srьbьskoi i Grьkōmь i zapad’nimь stranamь...vь Hrista Bōga blagověrni i hristōljubïvi Vlьkašinь kralь). The Koporinjski and Pećki letopis (chronicle) recorded that the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. was expelled by Demetrios Blukasinos and his brother Ioannes Unklesis before the battle near the river Marica. A fragment of choros from 1365–1371 originally placed in the Saint Demetrius Monastery near the village Sušica (the so-called Marko’s Monastery), now in collection of the museums in Skopje, Sofia, Istanbul a Belgrade, with installed medallions bearing the name Vlьkašinь and the title of a king, confirm the suggestion, that he governed as a sole ruler. The priestmonk Mihailo wrote the Apostol manuscript from 1365–1371 at Lešnica in the region of Polog for the priest Miho in Debreše during the reign of the King Demetrios Blukasinos (Pisase sija kniga mnogogrěšnogo rukoju ieromonaha Mihaila popu Mihě iz Debreše Nikolinu synu…Azь ōbrěmeneni i ōkajanьni pisahь vь dьni Vlьkašina kralja, kьdi drьžaše Grьgurь Pologь, a pisavši beše iz Lešnice, nierei mnih’). His father was Margnaua (Orbini)/ Margna (Luccari), who was a poor nobleman from Livno in Hum. His brother was Ioannes Unklesis (Ioan Uglješa) and his sister Helene. The husband of his sister was Nikolaos Radochnas (Νικόλαος ῾Ραδόχνας, Nikola Radonja). He was married to Lena. They had together four sons (Marko, the King, Andrěašь, Dmitьrь, Ivanišь) and one daughter (Olivera). The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan took his father and the family of Mrnjavcević to the Serbian court. The domains of Demetrios Blukasinos were in the southern Serbia, Kosovo and in the northwestern parts of historical Macedonia with strongholds in Prilep and Skopje. Since 1345/1346/1347 the Saint Demetrius Monastery near the village Sušica (the so-called Marko’s Monastery) was built under the patronage of Demetrios Blukasinos and his sons (Izvōlenïemь ōtca i voplьšenïem sina i sьšestviemь svetago duha ōbnovi se i popisa si svety i božestavni hramь svetago velikōmučenika Hristova pobědōnosca i myrotočьca Dimitrija sь usrьdïemь i potštanïemь blagověrnago kralja Vlkašina sь blagověrniei kralice Eleny i sь prěvazljublenym eju i prьvorodnimь sinomь blagověrnimь kraljemь Markomь i Andreašemь i Ivanïšemь i Dimïtrom vь lěto ·ѕ·ō·p·e· si že monastirь nače se zdati lěto ·ѕ·ō·n·g· vь dni blagověrnago cara Stefana i hristoljubivago kralja Vlьkašina a sьvrši se vь dьni blagověrnago i hristoljubivago kralja Marka). His fresco portrait is above the south gate of the monastery and flanks with the portrait of his son Marko the bust of Saint Demetrius. The Historia della casa Musachia records, that Andrea II Musachi defeated the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan or Demetrios Blukasinos at the Pelister Mountain. After 1361 Demetrios Blukasinos was very influential on the Serbian court, because the Ragusans often wrote letters to him. He deposited a treasury in Ragusa (denarii quondam regis Volchassini), which was withdrawn by his sons totally not until 1399. In summer 1371 Demetrios Blukasinos marched to Zeta, where he assisted his relative Đurađ Balšić in his war against Nikola Altomanović. Demetrios Blukasinos waited in Skadar for the naval support from the Ragusan republic. Despot John Uglješa informed his brother by letter about the invasion of the Turks to Europe. Demetrios Blukasinos and his brother commanded the Serbian forces, which fought against the Ottoman army commanded by the Beglerbeg Lala Şahin Pasha and Evrenos near the village Černomen on 26th September 1371. His portrait and its accompanying inscription (Vь hrista boga blagověrni kralь Vlьkašin) has been preserved on the southern part of the entrance to the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael at Prilep. The inscription in the chapel of the Panagia Eleousa on the shore of Lake (Great) Prespa, which mentions the three patrons of the church, gives detail about the date of the repainting (1410) and the name of the ruler, who was Demetrios Vlukasinos. The possibility of a later local ruler with the same name cannot be excluded, but a more probable version is that the construction of the church was realised during the rule of Demetrios Vlukasinos (Ανηγέρθει καὶ ἀνιστωρίθει ὁ Θείος καὶ πάνσεπτος ναὸς τὴς Ὑπεραγίας Δεσποίνης ἠμῶν Θεοτόκου καὶ Ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας διὰ σὶνδρομὶς κόπου τε καὶ ἐξόδου τοῦ τιμίὅτατου εν ἰερομονάχοις κῦρου Σάβα καὶ κῦρου Ἰακόβου καὶ Βαρλαὰμ τῶν κτητόρων. Αὐθέντης ὁ Βλουκασίνος. Ἐπἷ ἒτους ϛπιη).
Bogoje (1)	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the document from the 21 May 1351, which was registered in the Ragusan chancery (Diversa cancellariae). He appears as a commander in the source (Bogoe voyuvoda). His wife was probably Višeslava. He had two sons. Their names were Bogdan and Bogoje. He deposited 280 perper for Bogdan and Bogoje at Mihailo Držić, a patrician from Ragusa. Mihailo Držić bequeathed the money to his sons. Bogoje, who was empowered by his brother Bogdan, received the sum of money (Michael de Dersia ordinauit in suo testamento dari debere, ubi sciebat frater Constantinus, prior ordinis fratrum Predicatorum de Ragusio. Et dicti tesaurerii dixerunt mihi Francesscho cancellario, quod dictus frater Constantinus dixerat, quod Bogoe voyuvoda, pater dictorum Bogoe et Bogdani, habere debebat dictos yperpyros ducentos octuaginta, volens et mandans Bogoe, receptor dictorum denariorum nomine...).
Bogoje (2)	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the document from the 21 May 1351, which was registered in the Ragusan chancery (Diversa cancellariae) and in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Hilandar Monastery, which was issued on the 10th August 1354. His father was probably the commander Bogoje (Bogoe filius voyuoda). He was the son of Višeslava. His brother was Bogdan. Mihailo Držić bequeathed the money, which deposited the commander Bogoje to his sons. Bogoje, the son of the commander Bogoje, who was empowered by his brother Bogdan, received the sum of money according to the will of Mihailo Držić (Michael de Dersia ordinauit in suo testamento dari debere, ubi sciebat frater Constantinus, prior ordinis fratrum Predicatorum de Ragusio. Et dicti tesaurerii dixerunt mihi Francesscho cancellario, quod dictus frater Constantinus dixerat, quod Bogoe voyuvoda, pater dictorum Bogoe et Bogdani, habere debebat dictos yperpyros ducentos octuaginta, volens et mandans Bogoe, receptor dictorum denariorum nomine...). He together with his mother Višeslava and his brother Bogdan donated the village Lěskovljani with all boundaries and rights to the Hilandar Monastery (ō priloženi što jestь priložila gospožda carьstva mi Višeslava hramu Prěsvetije Bogorodice Hilandarьskije, selo Lěskovlěne s megomь, s periōromь i vsěmi pravinami sela togo po htěniju gospožde Višeslave i sinovь jeje Bogdana i Bogoja, a ni po jednoi silě ni po nevoli). The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan together with wife Jelena and his son King Uroš, confirmed the endowment of Višeslava and her family at the request of Sava, Hegumen of the Hilandar Monastery, in a chrysobull charter.
Bogoslavь (2)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Boichnas	Person	vlastelĭ/Властель	It it doubtful, that he is the same person as „lo jupan Voichna“, who appears in the charter of Vladislav, the son of the former Serbian King Dragutin, adressed to Ragusan authorities from the 25th October 1323. The confirmed terminus ante quem of his decease is September 1370/August 1371 (Prišьdšu že mi vь hramě prěsvetije Bogorodice Hilan’darě, i viděvь grobь gospodina mi i roditelja svetopočiv’šega kesara). It is possible that he was already death in 1369, because the Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis (Jovan Unglješa) approved in this year the donation of the Church of the Saint Archangels Michael and Gabriel above Gabrovo granted by Kaisar Boichnas (Voihna) for the monk and spiritual father Daniil (Kako pride kь carьstvu mi čьstni starьcь duhovьnikь kyrь Daniil…Mihaila i Gabrila više Gabrova, i prinese mi zapisanie gospodina….roditelě mi kesara, i viděhь pročtohь čto jestь zapisalь i….kesarь Voihna, i ini hristoljubivi crьkvi onoizi ljud…..zemle: bystь hotěnije carьstvu mi kudě godě mu se što nahodi……hru….ljud…..vinogradь, perivolja, ili i mlinь, ima hotěnije carьstvo mi kako da je……vь věkomь, i da jestь pace svobodna, nikiimь nepotьknovlenno….). He appears as vlastelinь, surodnikь carьstva mi bratučedь Voih’na in the charter of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Hilandar Monastery from 1348. He is mentioned as kaisar/kesar in 1351 (Voicha chiessar) and 1355 (Voichna chiesar) in two forged documents of the Serbian Emperors for the town Kotor translated into old Italian. Attested as kaisar and kesarь from 1357 to 1371 (Βοΐχνας ὁ Καῖσαρ). He was the governor of the town Drama in 1357 according to the Byzantine historian Ioannes Kantakuzenos (ὁ δὲ τῆς πόλεως, ἧς ἦρχεν, ἀποδημῶν, Δράμα δὲ ἦν). Sima Ćirković suggests that he held unter his control a much bigger region corresponding with the ruling area of his son-in-law, the Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis (Jovan Unglješa). In a later charter of Iakobos Kutaches Philanthropenos Tarchaneiotes from 1405 he is erroneously described as κράλης. His daughter was Euphemia (Jefimija/Elena). He was the father-in-law of the Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis (Jovan Unglješa). The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed in 1348 at the intervention of his nobleman and most probably also relative Voih’na the previous donation of the village Potolino in the valley of the river Struma to the Hilandar Monastery (I tu vьspomenu carstvu mi vlastelinь, surodnikь carьstva mi bratučedь Voih’na, ō izvěstneišemь po utvrьždeni sela Potolina, iže bě priložilo i po prěžde carьstvō mi Hilan’daru...I po blagosrьdnomu moljeniju i blagoutrobiju kь v’semь svetimь i božьstvnimь crьkvamь bratučeda mi Voih’ne, darova carьtvō mi vь postrum’skomь prědělě: Seloō Potolinovo sь zasel’ci i periōromь, s megjami i sь dohoci sь v’semi pravinami sela togoō). After the death of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan he was a prominent figure in the circle of the Dušan’s widow Jelena (Helene). He encouraged Mathaios Kantakuzenos at first to invade the territory of Eastern Macedonia. He then betrayted him and joined the army of Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. He defeated Mathaios Kantakuzenos at Philippoi in Macedonia in 1357. Mathaios Kantakuzenos was imprisoned by him. He handed over Mathaios Kantakuzenos in summer 1357 to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos for a ransom. The Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis (Jovan Unglješa) confirmed in 1358 an endowment of his mother-in-law, the wife of Boichnas, for the Kutlumus Monastery (ὅπερ ἐπροσίλοσεν ἡ ἁγία μου κυρία ἡ Κεσάρισα πρὸς αὐτὴν τὴν μονὴν ἐν τι τοποθεσία τὴ ἐπικεκλημένι ἡ Προυνέα χάριν ψυχηκὴς δωρεὰς αὐτῆς ζευγαρίων τεσσάρον... ἐγὼ Οὔγλεσις μέγας βοεβόδας ἀπὸ τὴς αὐτοῦ ἐλεημοσίνης τοὺ αὐθέντου ἡμῶν τοὺ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου καὶ τοὺ ἀδελφοὺ αὐτοὺ τοὺ [...τ...]ου μου στέργο καὶ βεβεῶ τὰ τιαύτα χωράφια εἰς τὴν Προυνέαν γὴν ζευγαρίων τεσάρον ὅπος νέμωσην οἱ τιαύτοι μοναχοὶ τὴς θείας βασιλεικῆς μονῆς τοὺ Κουτλουμούσι ἀκολείτος). The Metropolitan of Drama in 1359 gave his consent to return the metochia of Theotokos Koriliotissa and Hagioi Anargyroi to the Batopedi Monastery after the involvment of Boichnas and his wife. Boichnas and his wife endowed the Batopedi Monastery with the church of Saint Photeine. Boichnas was buried in the Hilandar Monastery at Mount Athos.
Bratōslavь	Person	logotet/Λογοθέθης	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian King Vlьkašinь (Demetrios Vlukasinos) from 5th April 1370. He was the Logotet of the Serbian King Vlьkašinь (Demetrios Vlukasinos). The Serbian King Vlьkašinь (Demetrios Vlukasinos) entrusted Bratōslavь with the task to write the charter, in which he confirmed the old charters of the Serbian rulers issued for the Republic of Ragusa. Bratōslavь accomplished the task at Brod in the region of Poreč (Povělenijem gospodina kralja logōfetь Bratōslavь prěruči pisati i tōmu milostnikь. U Pōreči na Brōdu).
Bulkos	Person	gospodinь	He was born around 1345. He died on the 6th October 1397 in the Ottoman prison. His body was transferred by his brother Nikolaos Radochnas (Monk Gerasim) to the Mount Athos. He appears as a gospodinь in the slavic sources and as a dominus in the latin sources. He administered the region of Kastoria and Ōhrid according the Byzantine historians Ducas and Laonikos Chalkokondyles (ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ Βοῦλκον τὸν τοῦ Πράγκου τοῦ Μλαδένεω υἱόν, Καστορίας τε καὶ Ὀχρίδος τῆς ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ ἡγεμόνος; καὶ τὴν ἄλλην τὴν εἶχε δοσμένη τοῦ ἀφεντὸς τοῦ Μπούλκου ὁποὺ ὥριζε τὴν Καστορία καὶ τὴν Ὄχριδα). Laonikos Chalkokondyles calls him wrongly Ἐλεάζαρος and relates about the lands by the Danube as his dwelling place (τὰ μέντοι περὶ τὸν Ἴστρον Βούλκῳ τῷ Ἐλεαζάρῳ τοῦ Πράγκου ἐπέτρεψε). He controlled the larger part of today’s Kosovo. His dominion reached the eastern parts of Raška, the Polimlje in Montenegro and since 1376/1377 Skopje in the east. After the death of Đurađ I Balšić (13th January 1378) he seized the town of Prizren, Peć and the area of Metohija. He minted his own coins and issued charters. He was the son of Prankos Mladenes (ja Grьgurь i bratь mi Vlьkь, synove velikago sevastokratora Bran’ka gospodina že gradu Ohridu). He had two brothers (Nikolaos Radochnas, Grьgurь) and a sister (Theodora). He was married Mara, the daughter of the Serbian Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović, since 1371. They had together three sons (Georgios Bulkos [Đurađ Branković] - ἦν γὰρ Γεώργιος, υἱὸς Βούλκου καὶ γαμβρὸς Λαζάρου, Prankos Bunko [Lazar Branković], Grьgurь [† 1408]). He and his brother Grьgurь gave Nikolaos Radochnas in 1365 the permission to donate the patrimonial church of Saint Archangel with three villages Trstenik, Bežanići, Tušilo and the selište Hudine to the Hilandar Monastery. He added between 1372 and 1396 the villages Banica, Vrьbovьcь, Štučince, Mučivarě near Trьstenik to the endowment of his brother for the Hilandar Monastery (Po sem’ že jaa blagočьsitivi Vlьkь, synь velikago sevastokratora Branьka raspaljaemь božьstvnyim želanïem velikuju věru i ljubovь iměje kь svetěi matery Hrista moego, priložihь domu ei čьstiomu monastiru bišerečen’nye lavry Hilandaru sela priležeštaa Trьsteniku: Banicu, Vrьbovьcь, Štučince, Mučivarě, sь vsěmi megjami i pravinami i sь ōttěsy selь těhь). He was a benefactor of the Kutlumus Monastery on the Mount Athos since 1370. He granted between 1376 and 1377 at the request of the Monk Gerasim, his brother, the Monastery of Saint George-Gorg near Skopje with all possessions to the Hilandar Monastery (Azь, rabь Hristu Vlьkь, vьspominaju vь sьvědenije vsemь, kako pride brat mi Gerasimь poslanijemь monastirьskimь Svetije Gori Athōna, Svetije Bogorodice Hilandarьskije igumnōmь i vsega sьbora hilandarьskoga, i prosiše mi keliju u Skopju, ponježe ne imahu priběžišta ni kelije u Skopiju. I videvь nihь usrьdije i prošenije, i dah monastirь Svetago Geōrьgija s metohōmь i sь seli i sь vsemi pravinami gde se nahodi metohь Svetago Geōrgija ili u gradu ili na dvoru što jestь Svetago Geōrgija, vse priložihь Hilandaru). He is mentioned as a addressee of the embassy sent by the Ragusan republic in 1380 regarding the release of two citizens of Dubrovnik. He confirmed on the 20th January 1387 the privileges and rights of the Ragusan republic concerning the representation of the citizens of town Dubrovnik in the court assembly. He asked in August 1388 the representatives of the Ragusan republic to clear the old debt and to pay the new Tribute of Ston to the Monks in Jerusalem. He participated in the battle of Kosovo along with his father-in-law Lazar and the Bosnian King Tvrtko I. in 1389. The folk epic poetry portrays him in a bad light as a traitor. The fact is that he withdrew his troops from the battlefield. Between 1389 and 1396 he confirmed the privileges of the Ragusan republic. The Ottomans captured in 1391/1392 Skopje. Bulkos was forced by them to become their vassal. He exempted the Hilandar Monastery from paying the tax to the Ottomans on 21th November 1392. The Venetian republic granted him on 9th April 1394 the citizenship. His Čelnik Smilь deposited gold and silver for Bulkos at Dubrovnik in January 1395. He was captured and imprisoned by the Ottomans not long after the battle of Nicopolis. He is portrayed on the western facade of the chapel of Saint George in the Church of the Holy Mother of God Peribleptos at Ōhrid. There is an inscription next to his image (VELIK...GNБ VLБKБ SNБ SEVASTOKRATORA BRANKA). He commisioned a slavic translation of the chronicle of Georgios Monachos (Hamartolos) in 1387 (Pisa se povelěnyjemь gospodina Vlьka).
Chlapenos Radoslabos	Person	Nobleman	Identical with Radoslav’ (Povikь?)? It is doubtful, that he is the same person as the župan Hlapen, who governed Konavle and the region of Trebinje. He died before 1385. He was a commandant of the Serbian military troops in Macedonia, 1350. He controlled a large area in Macedonia in the border region, 1357–1362. He was a relative of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He married Eirene Prelumpissa in 1358 (ὅθεν καὶ γυναῖκα λαμβάνει τὴν τοῦ Πρελούμπου ἐκείνου γαμετήν). He was the father of Helena. According to a manuscript note she was married to Marko Mrnjavčević (vь dьni blagověrnago kralja Mar’ka, jegda ōdade Thodoru Grьgurovu ženu Hlapenu, a uze ženu svoju prьvověn’čan’nu Jelenu, Hlapenovu dьštere). His second daughter was the wife of Nikolaos Baldubinos Pagases [Νικόλαος Βαλδουβῖνος Παγάσης/Nikola Bagaš] (ἀπὸ τοῦ πενθεροῦ μου Ῥαδοσλάβου τοῦ Χλαπένου). The third daughter called Maria Angelina Radosthlaba married Alexios Angelos Philantropenos. Mauro Orbini, a Ragusan chronicler from 16th century, who used older sources, mentions also a son of him called Stefan-Dukas (I maschi si chiamauno Duca & Stefano). He defected in 1350 along with Tolisthlabos from the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos (ἧκον δὲ καὶ αὐτόμολοι δύο ἐξ αὐτῶν· ὧν ἅτερος τῶν μάλιστα ἦν ἐπιφανῶν, κατὰ γένος προσήκων Κράλῃ, Χλάπαινος ὠνομασμένος, στρατιάν τε ἔχων ὑφ’ ἑαυτὸν οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητον καὶ πολλὴν περιουσίαν· ὁ λοιπὸς δὲ οὐ τῶν πάνυ περιδόξων ἦν, πλὴν κἀκεῖνος ἀρχάς τε πόλεων ἐγκεχειρισμένος καὶ στρατοπέδων ἡγεμονίας, ὄνομα Τολίσθλαβος). After a while he switched sides again and joined most likely the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He captured Beroia before 1359, probably in 1351 (Οὗτος τοίνυν ὁ Χλάπενος, εἷς ὢν τῶν Σερβικῶν σατραπῶν καὶ τινα φρούρια ἐκ τῶν Ῥωμαï κῶν ὁρίων εἰληφώς, ἀλλὰ δὴ καὶ τὴν μεγαλόδοξον πόλιν Βέῤῥοιαν, μεγάλως ἐπὶ τοὶς κατορθώμασιν ἐσέμνυνεν). He witnessed the apparently falsified charter issued by the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V in 1355 for the inhabitants of the town of Kotor (Radosav Chlapene). He acted as a protector of the inheritance right of his wife and his stepson Toma Preljubović (Θωμᾶς Πρέλουμπος). Therefore he seized the Thessalian town Damasis in 1359/1360 (Τῇ Βλαχίᾳ δὲ φθάσας μετὰ τῶν στρατευμάτων καὶ φρούριον ἓν πολιορκία εἰληφώς, Δάμασιν καλούμενον, εἰς συμβάσεις μετὰ τοῦ βασιλέως Συμεὼν χωροῦσι, καὶ τὸ φρούριον τούτῳ παραχωρεῖ). He gave up the town of Damasis to Simeon Uroš (Συμεὼν Παλαιολόγος) on condition of arranging the marriage between Maria Angelina Komnene Palaiologina, the daughter of Simeon, and Toma Preljubović (Θωμᾶς Πρέλουμπος). He founded the Mesonesiotissa Monastery near Kastoria (καὶ ἂν κατὰ διαδοχὴν καὶ κληρονομίαν ἔλαβον ἀπὸ τοῦ πενθεροῦ μου Ῥαδοσλάβου τοῦ Χλαπένου σεβασμίαν καὶ ἱερὰν μονὴν, τὴν παρ’ ἐκείνου ἀνεγερθεῖσαν ἐκ βάθρων αὐτῶν τῇ ὑπερευλογημένῃ ἡμῶν δεσποίνῃ καὶ θεομήτορι, τὴν οὕτω πως καλουμένην Μεσονησιώτισσαν). Apparently his ring was found on a medieval necropolis of the Vodoča Monastery near Strumica. It bears an invocation (Izvolite raba Božija Hlapena).
Chontetzes	Person	ἄρχων	Mentioned in the Chronicle of Ioannina under the year 1379. He appears as ἔντιμος in the chronicle. He was an ἄρχων in Kastoria, 1379. He came along with Ioannes Theophylaktos in 1379 to request Toma Preljubović (Θωμᾶς Πρέλουμπος) to take in possession the town of Serbia. Toma Preljubović imprisoned him in order to demand ransom for him (Τὸν αὐτὸν ἤδη χρόνον, Κυριακῇ πρὸ τῆς Χριστοῦ γεννήσεως, προσῆλθον αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τὰ μέρη τῆς Καστορίας τῶν ἐντίμων ἀρχόντων ὁ θεωρίᾳ καὶ πράξει χαριτώνυμος Θεοφύλακτος, καὶ μετ’ αὐτοῦ ὁ Χοντέτζης λεγόμενος· έζήτουν δὲ αὐτὸν αὐθέντην καὶ ἡγεμόνα τοῦ κάστρου Σερβίων. Αὐτὸς δέ, κυριευόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς φιλαργυρίας, ἐν τῇ φρουρᾷ αὐτοὺς).
Dabiživь (2)	Person	logotet/Λογοθέθης	Mentioned in the testament of Pavle Barabić (Paulus de Baraba), the Ragusan patrician, from the 7th April 1374 and in the verdict of the Ragusan rector and the minor council in the case between the Ragusan republic and the heirs of Pavle Barabić from 27th July 1394. He was the Protovestijar (Dabisiuo prothovestiario uxoris et heredum regis Volcassini) and Logotet (cum logofeto, misso per consortem condam dicti domini regis et per heredes suos) of Helena, the Serbian queen and widow of the Serbian King Vukašin (Demetrios Blukasinos). The Serbian King Vukašin (Demetrios Blukasinos) deposited 295 litras of pure silver before his death in Ragusa at the place of the nobleman Pavle Barabić (Paulus de Baraba). The executors contacted after the demise of Pavle Barabić Dabiživь in order to control the treasury and accounts of the king. He became 30 ducats for his expenses.
Dabiživь (3)	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the Lesnovski pomenik, a compilation of commemorations from the 16th to 18th century based on older sources. The terminus post quem for the entry regarding the family of the Despot Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) is 1353. He died on 25th November of an unspecified year. This date of memorial service is recorded by a later hand in the Oliver’s menaion from 1342 (Belgrade, National Library, Old collection Nr. 62, fol. 134v: Prěstavi se Dabiživь vь ·k·e· sego měseca) and also in the Lesnovian gospel from the 14th century (Zagreb, HAZU, Collection of A. Mihanović, Nr. 65, fol. 114: prěstavi se rabь boži Dabiživь vь ·k·e· sego měseca). He was the son of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Vidoslavь, Rusinь, Oliverь and Danica. He is attested in the Lesnovo pomenik along with his family as a ktitor (Poměni, gospodi, blagočьstivyihь ktitorь našihь vь carstvi si: Olivera děspota, i podružie Mariju, i čeda ihь: Dьnicu, Kraika, Damiana, Vidoslava, Dabiživa, Rusina, Olivera).
Damianos (2)	Person	Nobleman	He was born after 1340/1341. Mentioned in the sources from 1347 to 1349/1350. He was the son of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Vidoslavь, Dabiživь, Rusinь, Oliverь and Danica. Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and their sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) were the patrons of the parecclesion of the Saint John the Baptist in the Church of Saint Sophia in Ōhrid. The chapel was erected between the years 1347–1350. Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and their son Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) are depicted within the ktitorial composition on the western wall of the chapel. Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa, Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) sponsored a new narthex as a addition to the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo. The painted ktitorial composition with Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija), Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) is on the northern wall of the narthex. The fresco inscription above the entrance from the narthex to the naos gives details about the donors and the date 1349, when the narthex was decorated (Ἀνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρων, καὶ ἀνηστορίθη ὁ θεῖος καὶ πάνσεπτος ναὸς τοῦ ταξιαρχου Μιχ δι’ ἐξόδου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου Ιωάννου τοῦ Λύβερί. καὶ τῆς πανευτυχεστάτης βασιλείσης Μαρίας τῆς Λυβερίσης καὶ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν, Κραίκου καὶ Δαμιανοῦ. ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλεί Στεφάνου καὶ Ἐλένης, καὶ τοῦ ύιοῦ αὐτῶν κράλη τοῦ Οὐροσι μηνὶ αὐγύστῳ ѕʹ ἔτους ϛωνζ ἰνδ β).
Danilь (1)	Person	Bishop	He was one of the issuers of the charter from 1375/1376. He was Bishop of Vodoča and Strumica (Podočki episkopь Danilь; episkopь Strumički Danilь). He together with Grigorije, the Bishop of Banьska, settled in 1375/1376 at the behest of the Serbian Despots Jovan Dragaš and his brother Konstantin Dragaš several land disputes in the area of Strumica.
Demetrios (2)	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos from 1368. The charter is preserved only in a copy produced in 1622/1623 during the Patriarchate of Kyrillos Lukaris. He had two brothers (Nikolaos and Georgios). He sold together with his brothers their possession between the villages Bernarus and Esphagmenu near Serres to the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for 879 nomismata. The Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) donated their former possession to the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos (Ἐν δέ τοῖς μέρεσι τοῦ στρώμονος, ὑπάρχει μετόχιον ἀναμέσον τῶν δύω συνόρων τοῦτε Σεῤῥῶν καί τῶν Ζυχνῶν, φημί, ἐν ᾧ ὑπάρχει κλῆτος, αὐτό καθ’ αὐτό κεχωρισμένον ἐκ τῶν ἀνέκαθεν καιρῶν ὁ δ’ αὐτός χῶρος ξύμπας, ἐτύγχανε κτῆμα κῦρ Γεωργίου τοῦ στρατηγοῦ μετά τῶν αὐτοῦ αὐταδέλφων Νικολάου, καὶ Δημητρίου, ὑπάρχει δέ μεταξύ τῶν δύω κομῶν τοῦ τε βαρνάρου καὶ ἐσφαγμένου, ἐξωνησάμην δέ καί τό αὐτό κλῆτος, παρά τῶν πρό μικροῦ ἄνωθεν εἰρημένων αὐταδέλφων ἅπαν διά νομισμάτων ὀκτακοσίων ἑβδομήκοντα ἐννέα).
Doja	Person	κτητόρισσα/Ktitorica	Mentioned in the inscription next to the portrait of a woman on the south wall of the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. The depiction is part of the ktitorial composition. The wall painting of Doja can be dated around 1360. She was the spouse of Dejanь? She was the mother of Vitomirь and Stajo. She was a sponsor of the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. She is portrayed on the southern wall of the naos in the church next to her husband. On the right side of the painting of Doja is an inscription (i podružie ego doja i čǫda imь).
Dragosavь	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	Probably identical with Dragossauo Probiscio, who is attested in the interpolation of the italian translation of the Byzantine historian Dukas from the 15th century. According to this account he was the captain of the Serbian Despot Lazar Hrebeljanović. He betrayed his lord before the battle at the Kosovo field and fought against him (alora fo aldita vna uoce la quale per tuttol campo se sparse che Dragossauo Probiscio capitanio del campo del dispoto hauea rebellato et uoltato le arme contra Christiani. Laqual uoce aldita, Vlatico Ulageuico subito uolto le spalle e con grande fuga se desparti tormando uerso Bossina con la sua compagnia. O che la nouella fosse leuata da Turci, homini sagacissimi per impaurire el nostro exercito o che cossi uolesse i fati contrarii ali poueri christiani per i soi peccati, Lazaro abbandonato da soi capitanii senza bataglia fo preso uiuo con tutti i nobili del suo imperio). Mentioned in the inventory of property of the Church of Saint Stephen in the village of Konče. He was kepalije. His subordinate Dragina Popovikь had a patrimonial property in the village Konče (baštinikь u Konьči, i kepalije Dragosava človekь). He possessed a slave at Končište (i u Končišti planь ·6· kukь, i ōtrokь Dragosavovь).
Dragoslavь (8)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Dьnica (2)	Person	κτητόρισσα/Ktitorica	Mentioned in the Lesnovski pomenik, a compilation of commemorations from the 16th to 18th century based on older sources. The terminus post quem for the entry regarding the family of the Despot Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) is 1353. She was the daughter of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). Her uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). She was the sister of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Dabiživь, Vidoslavь, Rusinь and Oliverь. She appears as an unnamed daughter of Ioannes Liberos in the accounts of the Byzantine historians Nikephoros Gregoras and Ioannes Kantakuzenos. Nikephoras Gregoras relates that the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos asked in 1342 his old friend Ioannes Liberos to smooth the way for an alliance with the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. The Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos was according to Nikephoros Gregoras in so dire situation, that he even proposed a marriage between his son Manuel and the daughter of Liberos. Ioannes Kantakuzenos gives account of the effort of Ioannes Liberos to realise the marriage between his daughter and Manuel Kantakuzenos. Ioannes Liberos brought even the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to convince the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos in regard of the engagment beween the daughter of Oliver and Manuel. Dьnica (Danica) is attested in the Lesnovo pomenik along with her family as a ktitorica (Poměni, gospodi, blagočьstivyihь ktitorь našihь vь carstvi si: Olivera děspota, i podružie Mariju, i čeda ihь: Dьnicu, Kraika, Damiana, Vidoslava, Dabiživa, Rusina, Olivera).
Eirene	Person	Nobleman	She lived before 28 July 1362. Her father was probably Michael Palaiologos Komnenos Asanes. She was buried in the Church of Saint Elijah at Dojran. A marble slab in the narthex of the church dedicated to her bears three inscriptions. The monogram is written in Greek and describes the slab as her tombstone (Τάφος Εἰρῄνης θυγατρός Μιχαήλ Κριβαβατζιτζ?). The slavic inscription contains the details concerning the death of Eirene (měseca julě ki dьnь prěstavi se raba božija erina kьki mahaila krьvavčiikě? ѕ ō o ie). The last Greek inscription in four dodecasyllables gives an account of her old and noble descent (Σὺ δ’ εἰπὲ, λίθε τίνα κρατεὶς νεκρόν κόρην τρίφεραν τοῦ Μιχαὴλ πάλαι γόνῳ τρισευκλεῦ μεγίστῃ ἐκ βασιλέων ἐρρεύσεν εἰς τὴν ἀλλὰ παπαῖ τῆς τύχης).
Eudaimonoioannes, Demetrios Komnenos	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	Attested in the sources between 1360 and 1366. He appears as κῦρ, δοῦλος and οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene), δοῦλος of of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) in the sources. He held the office of governor of Serres 1360. He repeatedly judged in a court as καθολικὸς κριτής between 1365 – 1366 in Serres. He was a member of ecclesiastical court, which was summoned by Iakobos, the Metropolitan of Serres (ἐξελέγημεν ἡμεῖς οἵ τε οἰκεῖοι τῇ κραταιᾷ καὶ ἁγίᾳ ἠμῶν κυρίᾳ καὶ δεσποίνῃ, ὅ τε μέγας παππίας Δούκας ὁ Νεστόγγος, Κομνηνὸς ὁ Εὐδαιμονοϊωάννης). He signed also the document issued by Iakobos in November 1360 concerning the metochion Saint Nicholas in Kamenikaia (ὁ δοῦλος τῆς κραταιᾶς καὶ ἁγίας ἠμῶν κυρίας καὶ δεσποίνης κεφαλὴ Σερρῶν Κομνηνὸς ὁ Εὐδαιμονοϊωάννης). He participated in the decision over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George (τῶν εὐγενεστάτων καὶ καθολικῶν κριτῶν, ... κῦρ Δημητρίου Κομνενοῦ τοῦ Εὐδαιμονοϊωάννου). He with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Esphigmenu Monastery against the Kastamonitu Monastery. He signed the decision document issued by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres, in August 1365 (Ὁ δοῦλος τῆς κραταιᾶς καὶ ἁγίας ἡμῶν κυρίας καὶ δεσποίνης καθολικός κριτὴς Δημήτριος Κομνηνός ὁ ΕΥΔΑΙΜΟΝΟΙΩΑΝΝΗΣ). He attended the trial between Hilandar Monastery and Georgios Isaris (τοὺς καθολικοὺς κριτάς, τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ κάστρου κῦριν Ὀρέστην καὶ τὸν κυρὸν Δημήτριον Κομνηνὸν τὸν Εὐδαιμονοϊωάννην). He together with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Hilandar Monastery and signed the charter issued on this occasion (ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ ἁγίου μου αὐθέντου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου, Δημήτριος Κομνηνὸς ὀ Εὐδαιμονοϊωάννης).
Euphemia	Person	despoticaΒασίλισσα	Died after 1404/1405. She appears as καισαρίσις Σερβίας, βασιλείσης Σερβίας and despotica kyra Eupraxia in the sources. She became a nun after the death of her husband Ioannes Unklesis (26. 9. 1371). She wrote poems. Her father was kaisar Boichnas (Vojihna). She was married to Ioannes Unklesis. Her son was Uglješa. Euphemia composed a lament over the premature death of her son. Between 1368 and 1371 was the lament over Uglješa (Despotović) inscribed under the patronage of Euphemia on the silver revetment, which connected the two icons of Uglješa (Despotović) and made a diptych. Euphemia donated the diptych icon to the Hilandar Monastery for the salvation of the soul of her son. It is suggested that she commisioned in 1371 the double sided icon with the Virgin Kataphyge and the Vision of Ezechiel, the so-called Poganovo icon. After the death of her husband she lived at the court of the Serbian Prince Lazaros (Lazar). When Milica became widow after the Kosovo battle in 1389 both took monastic wows. Euphemia and Milica were initially at Županja Monastery near Kruševac. They lived later at Ljubostinja Monastery. Euphemia accompanied the princess Milica on her diplomatic mission to Bayezid I., who was at Serres. Her epitaphios is preserved in the collection of the Putna Monastery (Μνήσθητοι, κ(ύρι)ε, τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν δούλων σου καισαρίσις Σερβίας ’Εφημίας μοναχῆς σὺν θυγατρὶ βασιλείσης Σερβίας Εὐπραξίας μοναχῆς). She wrote a prayer for Lord Jesus Christ influenced by the work of Saint Symeon the New Theologian. She mentioned also her father kaisar Boichnas (Voihna), who was buried at Hilandar, in the prayer. Her prayer was embroidered on a curtain (katapetasma) made of silk and gold for the altar door. It was decorated with the figure of Christ as a priest flanked by Saint John Chrysostom, Saint Basil and two archangels. Euphemia donated the curtain in 1398/1399 to the Hilandar Monastery. In 1402 Euphemia composed a laud for the Prince Lazaros (Lazar). Her text was embroidered on the shroud for the head of Prince Lazaros (Lazar). The Relic is preserved in the Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Belgrade. The Serbian Despot Stefan Lazarević granted the village Jabučje to Euphemia (Eupraxia). She bequeathed the village Jabučje to the Hilandar Monastery and the Despot Stefan Lazarević confirmed her endowment in the charter from 1404/1405.
Gabrielopulos	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Esphigmenu Monastery from December 1347. He was married or related to Gabrielopulina. He owned one-third of the village Krusobos, which was previously in the possession of the Esphigmenu Monastery and taken away from the monks in the course of a cadastral survey. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan returned the property in the village Krusobos to the monks of the Esphigmenu Monastery in December 1347 (μετόχιον τὸ λεγόμενον Κρόσουβον μετὰ πάσης τῆς νομῆς καὶ περιοχῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν ἑτέρων πάντων δικαίων καὶ προνομίων αὐτοῦ, ἤγουν παροίκων, χωραφίων, ἀμπελώνων καὶ τοῦ ὑδρομυλικοῦ ἐργαστηρίου, προαπεσπάσθησαν δὲ δι’ ἀπογραφικῆς καταστάσεως αἱ δύο μερίδες τοῦ τοιούτου χωρίου καὶ ἐδόθησαν ἡ μὲν μία μερὶς τῶ Γαβριηλοπούλω ἐκείνω, ἡ δὲ ἐτέρα τῶ Φαρμάκη μετὰ καὶ τῆς Βυσινᾶς).
Georgios (6)	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos from 1368. The charter is preserved only in a copy produced in 1622/1623 during the Patriarchate of Kyrillos Lukaris. He appears as κῦρ in the charter. He was a military commander. He had two brothers (Nikolaos and Demetrios). E. Trapp supposes that he was the grandchild of the Serbian commander Georgios, but he does not give any evidence to support his thesis. He sold together with his brothers their possession between the villages Bernarus and Esphagmenu near Serres to the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for 879 nomismata. The Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) donated their former possession to the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos (Ἐν δέ τοῖς μέρεσι τοῦ στρώμονος, ὑπάρχει μετόχιον ἀναμέσον τῶν δύω συνόρων τοῦτε Σεῤῥῶν καί τῶν Ζυχνῶν, φημί, ἐν ᾧ ὑπάρχει κλῆτος, αὐτό καθ’ αὐτό κεχωρισμένον ἐκ τῶν ἀνέκαθεν καιρῶν ὁ δ’ αὐτός χῶρος ξύμπας, ἐτύγχανε κτῆμα κῦρ Γεωργίου τοῦ στρατηγοῦ μετά τῶν αὐτοῦ αὐταδέλφων Νικολάου, καὶ Δημητρίου, ὑπάρχει δέ μεταξύ τῶν δύω κομῶν τοῦ τε βαρνάρου καὶ ἐσφαγμένου, ἐξωνησάμην δέ καί τό αὐτό κλῆτος, παρά τῶν πρό μικροῦ ἄνωθεν εἰρημένων αὐταδέλφων ἅπαν διά νομισμάτων ὀκτακοσίων ἑβδομήκοντα ἐννέα).
Germanь (2)	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the inscription above the southern entrance to the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Sveti Spas) in Zrze from the beginning of the 15th century. He became a monk at the end of his life. His son was Hajko. He was the grandfather of Pribilь and Prijezda. He was a nobleman during the reign of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He erected the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Sveti Spas) in Zrze (Izvoljenijemь gospoda i boga i spasa našego Ïsu Hrista i tōgo světlago prěōbraženïa i po milosti prěčistie bogomatere sьzida se svety i božestveni hramь syi v dьni blagočьštivago i hristoljubivago samodrьžavnago vьseje srьbskije zemlje i pomōriju i podunaviju cara Stefana trudomь i podvigomь raba božïega mōnaha Germana).
Geōrgje-Miroslavь	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the epitaph from the 14th century, which is preserved in the Church of Saint Demetrius Monastery in Veles. He was the son of Ilija. He was the grandson of the župan Stracimirь and Alьtimirь. The epitaph in the Church of the Saint Demetrius Monastery in Veles is commemorating Geōrgje-Miroslavь, who was the son of Ilija and the grandson of two župans (Prědstavi se rabь bži, Geōrgje a rekomy Miroslavь Iliinь snь a vьnukь župana a Stracimira i Alьtimira mja se k.ѕ., v ilju na Iōa Boslovac).
Gjurica	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Anagnost Dragoje from 21th May 1349. Attested as nobleman (vlastelinь) of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He was čelnikь of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He was sent by the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in order to deliver the charter and explain its degrees to Dragoje and his church (I posla carьstvo mi vlastelina čelьnika Gjurica i naručihь mu da izdastь crьkvi sija više pisannaja).
Gjuromanь	Person	Abbot	His monksname was Neōfitь. He was the Abbot of the Monastery of the Presentation of the Holy Mother of God in Arhiljevica. Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Empress Jevdokija and her son Konstantin for the Hilandar Monastery from 1378/1379 concerning the Monastery of the Presentation of the Holy Mother of God in Arhiljevica and in the scribal note on the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Monastery of the Presentation of the Holy Mother of God in Arhiljevica. The note was written probably between 1370/1371 and 1378/1379. He erected the Church of Nicholas in Nor’ča. He donated the new church with the half part of the settlement site Nor’ča, all vineyards, field, mill and meadow to the Monastery of the Presentation of the Holy Mother of God in Arhiljevica. The Serbian Empress Jevdokija and her son Konstantin confirmed the endowment of Gjuromanь in the charter for the Hilandar Monastery (I u Arhiljevici druguju novu crьkvь skoraago pomoštnika svetaago Nikoōle u Nor’či, takozi i s polovinomь togazi selišta Nor’čja i sь vsěmi vinogradi i s nivijemь i s mlinomь i s livadomь u Prěševě tezi crьkve jakože imatь priloženo ōd mniha Neōfita rekomaago Gjuromana jegda i sьzdana bistь nime i sь pročimь vsěm što ima tazi crьkvь). He bought a fourth share of a watermill from Novakь Borislavovikь under the mill, where the broadcloth was processed (A vo prodade Novakь Borislavovikь igumnu Gjuromanu četvrьti dělь voděnice podь valjavicōmь).
Grigorije (1)	Person	Bishop	He was one of the issuers of the charter from 1375/1376. He was the Bishop of Banьska (Velbužd, Kjustendil) [Banьski episkopь Grigorije]. He together with Danilь, Bishop of Vodoča and Strumica, settled in 1375/1376 at the behest of the Serbian Despots Jovan Dragaš and his brother Konstantin Dragaš several land disputes in the area of Strumica.
Grubadinь	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	Mentioned in two notes writtten in the manuscript of collected liturgical and other texts, which has been preserved in the Chludov collection of the manuscripts at the State Historical Museum in Moscow under the signature 237. Most of the Bulgarian scholars date the manuscript at about the period of 1340–1350. He probably held the position of the governor of the Porěčie district (kefalije, kepalija). He appears as a scribe of the manuscript in the prayer inscription on the folio 57v (A se Grubadinь grešni pisa kepalija u kuli Zagradskoi, i ašte kto pročte sija slovca, molju vi, bratije, rьcete bogь da prosti grešnago Grubadina, a vasь bogь). Most of the Bulgarian scholars suggested, that Grubadin wrote the manuscript in the Parorie region. On the contrary Serbian scholars assumed, that the place of the origin of the manuscript was Zagrad in the Porěčie district. The other marginal note from Grubadinь relates about the message to his lord Andrejaš, probably the son of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos, about the disobedience of his garrison force (Gospodinu mi Andrejašu ōd Grubadina tvoegō kefalije...tuži mi se ōt [tvoih?] junakь neposluha).
Grьgurь	Person	OfficialAuthority	The identification with Grьgurь Branković and kaisar Grьgurь (Gurguras) is doubtful. Mentioned in the colophone of the Apostol manuscript from 1365–1371, which has been preserved in the Titov collection (Nr. 3365) of the National library of Russia. He administrated the region of Polog at the time when the Priestmonk Mihailo wrote the Apostol manuscript (Azь ōbrěmeneni i ōkajanьni pisahь vь dьni Vlьkašina kralja, kьdi drьžaše Grьgurь Pologь, a pisavši beše iz Lešnice, nierei mnih’).
Grьgurь (2)	Person	dominus	The identification with Grьgurь, the governor of the region of Polog, and kaisar Grьgurь (Gurguras) is doubtful. Died before 16th July 1398. He appears as dominus in charter from the archives of the Ragusan republic. He was the son of Prankos Mladenes (ja Grьgurь i bratь mi Vlьkь, synove velikago sevastokratora Bran’ka gospodina že gradu Ohridu). He had two brothers (Nikolaos Radochnas, Bulkos) and a sister (Theodora). He was married to Theodora (uxor quondam domini Gregorii Brancovich fratris sepedicti domini Volch). He and his brother Bulkos gave Nikolaos Radochnas in 1365 the permission to donate the patrimonial church of Saint Archangel with three villages Trstenik, Bežanići, Tušilo and the selište Hudine to the Hilandar Monastery. He is portrayed on the western facade of the chapel of Saint George in the Church of the Holy Mother of God Peribleptos at Ōhrid. There is an inscription next to his image (VELIK...SEVASTOKRATORA BRANKA).
Gusto (2)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Hajko	Person	Nobleman	He lived before 1368/1369. His father was Germanь. He had a wife. He was the father of Pribilь and Prijezda. He was buried in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze. According to the inscription on the wall above the western entrance in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze from 1368/1369 did Pribil, Prijezda and their mother sponsor 30 perperь for the decoration in the front part of the church. The intented purpose of their donation was the salvation of the Hariton’s soul (Vь lěto: ѕ: tisuštno: io: i sotno i o: i z: popisa se crьkva: spasova: prědne: za: l: perperь: s trudomь: i s otkupomь haikověhь: syinov: pribila i prijezdu: i matere nih: a za: dušu blagoprestavšago se: haritona: a velьčьko ime: haiko: počivšago: o hramu spasově: i i tko pročitaete: recate věčna emu pametь).
Helene	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	Died between 1358 (Autumn) and 1364 (Autumn). She appears as κυρὰ in the inscription n the parekklesion dedicated to Saint Nicholas in the katholikon of the Saint John Prodromos Monastery near Serres. Her father was Margnaua (Orbini)/ Margna (Luccari), who was a poor nobleman from Livno in Hum. She had two brothers: Demetrios Blukasinos and Ioannes Unklesis. She was married to Nikolaos Radochnas. They had together two daughters. She was buried with her daughters in the parekklesion dedicated to Saint Nicholas in the katholikon of the Saint John Prodromos Monastery near Serres. The greek inscription placed on the western wall of the chapel relates about Helene’s and her daughter’s burial in the monastery (Ἐκοιμήθη ἡ περιπόθητος αὐταδέλφη τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου κῦρ Ἰωάννου τοῦ Οὔγκλεση κυρὰ Ἐλένη, ἡ ὁμόζυγου τοῦ εὐγενεστάτου κῦρ Νικολάου τοῦ Ραδόχνα. Συνετάφησαν δὲ ταύτῃ καὶ αἱ φίλτατοι αὐτῆς δύο θυγατέρες).
Hyperpyros	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the charter of Philotheos Kokkinos, the Patriarch of Constantinople, for the monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik from May 1371. He donated a vineyard in Bitzanklaba to the monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik (ἕτερον ἀμπέλιον περὶ τὴν Βιτζάγκλαβαν, ὅπερ ἔδωκεν ὁ Ὑπέρπυρος).
Iakobos	Person	igumenŭ/Игоуменъ	Mentioned in a written record from 1368 in а Tetraevangelion dated to the 13th century, which is kept in the National Museum in Ohrid under the signature number 75. He was the Hegumen of the Saint Clement Monastery in Ōhrid, 1368. He erected the Church of the Holy Mother of God Bolnička at Ōhrid. He donated the tetraevangelion in the name of the deceased Bishop of Slanitza Antonios to the Church of the Holy Mother of God Bolnička at Ōhrid (τὸ τοιοῦτον θεῖον ἅγιον εὐαγγέλιον ἦν τοῦ πανιερωτάτου ἐπισκόπου Σλανίτζης ἤτοι Πέλλης κυροῦ Ἀντωνίου ὅστις ὅτε ἦλθεν καὶ ἶδε τὸν ναὸν τῆς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου ὃν ἀνήγειρεν ἐκ βάθρων ὁ πανοσιώτατος καθηγούμενος τοῦ ἁγίου Κλήμεντος ἕταξε τοῦτο ἵνα ἀφιερῶσι τῷ τοιοῦτῳ θείῳ ναῷ, ἐπιδὴ καὶ ἐπίτροπον ἔταξε τοῦτον εἶναι αὐτοῦ ἔτι ζῶν. Ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐκ ἔφθασεν ἀφιερῶσαι τοῦτο ἔτι ζῶν καθὼς καὶ ἕταξεν, ἐσυνέβη δὲ αὐτὸν ἀποδοῦναι τὸ κοινὸν χρέος ἐν τῇ ἐπισκοπῇ αὐτοῦ, μετὰ τὴν τούτου κοίμησιν ἀφιέρωσε τοῦτο κατὰ τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ ὁ καθηγούμενος Ἰάκωβος...μήνι ἰαννουαρίῳ ἰνδικτιῶνος ϛʹ: † ἕτους ϛωοϛ †).
Ioannes (8)	Person	Archbishop	Mentioned in several charters of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He appears as kir in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan from 1346/1347 concerning the founding of the Zletovo episcopate. He was the Bishop of Skopje before 1346 and Metropolitan (Archbishop) of Skopje between 1346–1350. He attented the sabor in Skopje on 16th April 1346, where he witnessed the coronation of Stefan Uroš IV Dušan as Emperor of the Greeks and the Serbs by the Serbian Patriarch. He is mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan from 1346/1347 concerning the founding of the Zletovo episcopate. According to the chrysobull charter the Serbian Emperor asked several high-ranking clerics, among them also Ioannes (Jovanь), for permission to found the Bishopric of Zletovo (i sь arhïepiskopomь skopskymь rek’še mitropolitomь kirь Ïōanomь). He is attested in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Monastery Xeropotamu from April/May 1346 (διὰ τοῦ πρωτοθρόνου Σκοπίων μητροπολίτου ὑπερτίμου Ἰωάννου), the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Monastery Esphigmenu from April/May 1346 (διὰ τοῦ πρωτοθρόνου Σκοπείων μητροπολίτου καὶ ὑπερτίμου Ἰωάννου), charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Monastery Batopedi from May 1346 (διὰ τοῦ πρωτοθρόνου Σκοπίων μητροπολίτου καὶ ὑπερτίμου Ἰωάννου). He donated the epitaphion worn during the Holy Liturgy of the Great Entrance to the Hilandar Monastery (ΜΝΗΣΘΙΤΗ ΚΕ ΤΗΝ ΨΥΗΗΝ ΤΟΥ ΔΟΥΛΟΥ ΣΟΥ ΙΩ ΑΡΗΙΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΣΚΟΠΙΩΝ).
Ioskules Michalis	Person	δοῦλος	Mentioned in the boundary description of the river Strumica valley, which was commissioned by the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) in January 1371. He was a δοῦλος of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) (Ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ ἁγίου ἡμῶν αὐθέντου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου). He judged as καθολικὸς κριτής in 1371 at the behest of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis). The Hilandar Monastery was in dispute with the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon about a land in the river Strumica valley. Michalis Ioskules decided that the land should devolve to the Hilandar Monastery. He also established a boundary between both claimants and inserted its description in the charter, which was issued in January 1371.
Isaris Georgios	Person	οἰκεῖος	Deceased by April 1374. He appears as κῦρ, οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan and the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V. Palaiologos in the sources. He was in charge of Megas Drungarios τοῦ στόλου, 1344. Eparchos, 1348–1350. Megas Primikerios, 1366. Megas Konostaulos, 1367–1374. He was married to Xene Isarina. He had two sons (Michael Angelos Isaris and Theodoros Komnenos Isaris). His son-in-law was Georgios Stanisas. He was a wealthy landowner, who possessed several estates around Thessalonica. He was probably the student of Georgios Akindynos. He also corresponded with him. He was a supporter of the anti-Palamite party. When he turned his coat, he was criticized by Georgios Akindynos as a traitor. He was among the witnesses to the charter of protovestiarites Ioannes Dukas from September 1344, who rejected the claim of the revenue office on the part of the place Diabolokampos, a property of the Docheiariu Monastery. He joined in summer 1345 the proponents of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos. He was nearly killed during the revolt of the Zealots. He met Gregorios Palamas on Moun Athos between September 1347 and September 1348. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan donated in April 1348 the dependant peasants in the area of Hermelia, which belonged to Georgios Isaris. The Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V. Palaiologos gave in December 1350 several landed estates to Demetrios Kokalas in addition to his oikonomia. He mandated Georgios Isaris with Manuel Chageres to execute the task. He had a 11 years lasting quarrel with the Hilandar Monastery. He required the sum, which Georgios Stanisas, his son-in-law, paid in order to obtain adelphata. When Stanisas died, Isaris tried to get the money of his son-in-law back. He did not even hesitate to forge documents related to the affair. He was a friend of Makarios Chumnos and probably sponsored his foundation of Nea Moni in Thessalonica.
Ivanišь	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	He died on 18th September 1385. The third son of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos and Lena. His siblings were Marko, Andrěašь, Dimitarь and Olivera. He is attested in the ktitorial inscription above the south door in the interior of the Church of the so-called Marko’ Monastery (Saint Demetrius Monastery in Sušice near Skopje), which was probably completed in 1376/1377 (Izvōlenïemь ōtca i voplьšenïem sina i sьšestviemь svetago duha ōbnovi se i popisa si svety i božestavni hramь svetago velikōmučenika Hristova pobědōnosca i myrotočьca Dimitrija sь usrьdïemь i potštanïemь blagověrnago kralja Vlkašina sь blagověrniei kralice Eleny i sь prěvazljublenym eju i prьvorodnimь sinomь blagověrnimь kraljemь Markomь i Andreašemь i Ivanïšemь i Dimïtrom vь lěto ·ѕ·ō·p·e· si že monastirь nače se zdati lěto ·ѕ·ō·n·g· vь dni blagověrnago cara Stefana i hristoljubivago kralja Vlьkašina a sьvrši se vь dьni blagověrnago i hristoljubivago kralja Marka). After 1371 he moved to Zeta, where he stayed at the court of Balša II Balšić (Μπάλσας II). He supported the Zetians, who fought against the Ottoman Vizier Hayraddīn. He fell in the battle of Savra (battle of Vjosa) between the Zetians and Ottomans on 18th September 1385 according to the later historian Mauro Orbini.
Ivanko	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Ivanьko	Person	Priest	He wrote a graffiti on the fresco of Christ Antiphonetes between 1340–1350 in the Church of Saint George in Gorni Kozjak. He was a priest. He came from the town of Štip. His graffiti has been preserved in the upper part of the fresco of Christ Antiphonetes, which is in the narthex of the Church of Saint George in Gorni Kozjak (azь popь ivanьko ōt štipa).
Iōanikie	Person	Bishop	Mentioned in the inscription on his own tomb, which was kept in the Church of Saint Athanasius in Lešok. He was a priestmonk (Anthonije/Anьtonije), then Bishop of the region Lower Polog (Iōanikie). After the year 1308 the Church of Saint Athanasius in Lešok was found by the Priestmonk Antonije (Izvoleniemь ōca i vьplьšteniemь sina i pospěšeniemь svetago duha azь eriomonaahь Anthonie pridohъ vь sie město i rastiždahь i raskopahь gabryi i uravnihь bregove i načehь si hramь zidati svetago athanasija vь dni kralja milutina i vtorago kralja sina mu stefana i tretiego kralja sina mu dušane). Between the years 1346 and 1355 Antonije was appointed Bishop of Lower Polog by the Serbian Patriarch Joanikije II, who has given him the name Iōanikie (i prizva patriarha blьgarskago i arhiepiskupa srьbskago iōanikija i stvori zborь u skopi i blagosloviše ego na carьski sanь i bystь prvonastolny carь srbskoi zemli i grčkoi i pomorskoi arhiepiskupa iōanikija blagosloviše na patriarhiju srbskoi zemli vь to carstvo blagosloviše anьtonija na episkupstvo dolnemu pologu prvonastolna po izvoleniju božiju prětvoriše ime jemu iōanikie poneže něe bilo prěge episkupь polozě).
Iōanь (2)	Person	Bishop	Deceased probably before 1349. He was the Bishop of Zletovo, 1347–1349. He is portrayed on the southern wall of the narthex of the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo with the accompaying inscription, which identifies him (vseōsveštenni episkupь zletovьski iōanь). According to Gabelić Iōanь perhaps donated the epitaphion with the scene Lamentation over the dead Christ to the Hilandar Monastery (gospodi bože našь prijemi dary abelovy i nojevy i jaronovy i zahariny i samoilovy i vsěhь svetihь tvoihь tako i otь ruku mene grěšnago iōanь primi se prinoštenije vь čьstь i slavu i vonju blagouhanьnu arhistratiga ... i ōca našego gavrila pustinožitelě. ruka grěšnago siropula). It is also supposed that he was buried in the north-western corner of the naos of the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo.
Kale (2)	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	Mentioned in the dedicatory inscription found on the western wall of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad from 1368–1369. She appears as a πανευγενεστάτη κεσαρισα κυρία Καλῆ in the inscription next to her portray. She was a κεσαρισα.She was married to Nobakos. Her children were Amirales and Maria. Her husband kaisar Nobakos sponsored the renovation and decoration of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad in the year 1368–1369 (Άνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρου καὶ κόπού καὶ μόχθοῦ ὁ θεϊος κὲ πάνσεπτος ναώς ουτος της υπεραγίας δεσπίνης ἡμων Θεοτόκου καὶ ἀνηστορίθην παρὰ του αὐφθέντου αὐτοῦ πὰνευτυχεστάτου κέσαρος Νοβάκου ἠγουμενέβῶντὸς δὲ Ἰωνὰ μοναχοῦ. Αὐφθεντεύβοντος πανυψηλοτάτου κραλήου τοῦ Βεληκασίνου. Άρχαηερατεύωντος δὲ τῆς ἀγιωτάτης ἀρχιεπησκοπῆς τῆς Πρότης Ἰουστινηανης, ετους ͵ςωοζʹ). The family portrait of Nobakos has been preserved on the western external façade. She and her husband are painted to the right of the virgin. She is portrayed as a young woman.
Kantakuzenos Ioannes	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the donation deed of Pinkernissa Anna Tornikina for the Pantokrator Monastery on the Holy Mount Athos from August 1358. He was the son of the Pinkernes Demetrios Tornikes and Anna Tornikina. His brother was Andronikos. He had two sisters (Maria and Eirene) (Ἄννα πϊγκέρνισσα ἡ Τορνικίνα ἡ ἄνωθεν πρωτοτύπως προτάξασα οἰκειοχείρως σϋναινέσει καὶ ὅλη γνώμη καὶ τοῦ αὐθέντου μου τοῦ σϋζύγου μου καὶ τῶν φιλτάτων ἡμῶν παίδων Ἰωάννου Ἀνδρονίκου Μαρίας καὶ Εἰρήνης). His mother Anna Tornikina owned a domain at Beltzista in the region of Zabaltia. She became the domain as a dowry from her father. This property was in 1358 in the hands of the Serbs. She promised a half of her possession to the Pantokrator Monastery in August 1358, because their founders, Megas Stratopedarches Alexios and Megas Primikerios Ioannes, were succesfull in reconquering the land from the Serbs in the area between Christupolis and the mouth of the Strymon. Anna Tornikina expected that they could also recover her domain. Ioannes Kantakuzenos and his siblings gave Anna Tornikina the permission to donate a half of the property to the founders of the Pantokrator Monastery (Σίγνον Ιωάννου Καντακουζηνοῦ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτῶν).
Kardames	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the decision of the court summoned by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres, from August 1365. The charter refers to him as κῦρ. He was a Megas Tzausios, 1365. He was a member of the senate of Serres. He participated in the decision over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George. He with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Esphigmenu Monastery against the Kastamonitu Monastery (καὶ ἑτέρων τῶν τῆς συγκλήτου, τοῦ τε μεγάλου τζαουσίου κῦρ τοῦ Καρδάμη).
Kiro	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Komnene Eudokia	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	The last mentioned date of her appearance in the sources is the year 1395. The sources refer to her as κυρὰ, δέσποινα, before 1395. She was the daughter of Alexios III Komnenos, who was the Emperor of Trapezunt and Theodora Komnene Kantakuzene. She was married to Tāj al-Dīn (Τατζιατίνης), the Emir of Jānīk, on 8th October 1379. Her second husband was Konstantinos Dragases (Konstantin Dragaš) or the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos after 24th October 1386. Her grandson was the Byzantine Emperor Konstantinos XI Palaiologos. Michael Panaretos relates about her journey from Constantinople to the Monastery of Saint Phocas at Kordyle on 4th September 1395. On the following day she returned back to Trapezunt. Georgios Sphrantzes wrote as an argument for the marriage of the Byzantine Emperor Konstantinos XI Palaiologos with Mara Branković the fact, that also Eudokia had married a Turkish chieftain and bore him a child, before she became the wife of Konstantinos’ XI. grandfather. The problem in the account of Sphrantzes is that he does not mention if the husband of Eudokia was from the paternal or maternal side of Konstantinos. Raymond-Joseph Loenertz, Ivan Đurić, Radivoj Radić, Hristo Matanov, Mihailo Popović and Anthony Kaldellis suggest that her husband was Konstantinos Dragases, other scholars plead for the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos, who appears as the husband of Eudokia in the historical work of Laonikos Chalkokondyles.
Koreses Dukas	Person	οἰκεῖος	Active in the vicinity of Serres between 1341 and 1375. He was οἰκεῖος and δοῦλος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, 1355. He was in the commision, which was entrusted by Iakobos, the Metropolitan of Serres, to delimit the metochion of the Philotheu Monastery in Kremna and Tzainu (ὁ οἰκεῖος τῶ κραταιῶ καὶ ἁγίῳ ᾑμων αὐθέντη καὶ βασιλεῖ Δοῦκας ὁ Κορέσης εἰδέναι ἀκριβὼς τὰ σύνορα καὶ προνόμια τῆς ἁπάσης αὐτῶν γῆς). He signed the document, which was issued by Iakobos in December 1355 (Ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ κραταιοῦ καὶ ἁγίου ἡμῶν αὐθέντου καὶ βασιλέως Δούκας ὁ Κορέσης). He appears in another document of Iakobos, the Metropolitan of Serres, for the Hilandar Monastery from November 1360. Several local nobleman, among them also Duka Koreses, who lived in the vicinity of the metochion Saint Nicholas in Kamenikaia, took in possesion some of its estates. Iakobos returned the unjustly annexed lands to the Hilandar Monastery (καὶ πρῶτον μὲν εὕρομεν ὅτι ἀπὸ τούτων ὑφείλετο ὁ Δούκας ὁ Κορέσης καὶ κατεῖχε, προβαλλόμενος ἐξ ἀγορᾶς τοῦτο κεκτῆσθαι). Dukas Koreses was more than thirty years in dispute with the Alopu Monastery on Mount Athos over a land in Klopotitza. The judicial panel summoned by Theodoros, the Metropolitan of Serres, confirmed in August 1375 the claim of the convent of Alopu on Mount Athos on the land Klopotitza. The decision was realised only after the end of the Serbian rule, since Duka Koreses was courtier and supporter of the Serbian rulers.
Kraikos	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the sources from 1340/1341 to 1381. He was the son of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Vidoslavь, Dabiživь, Rusinь, Oliverь and Danica. According to the stone inscription above the Western Entrance of the Katholikon in the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo from 1340/1341, his father Ioannes Liberos, his mother Maria Liberissa and he sponsored the reconstruction and the painted decoration of the monastery. Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa and Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) endowed the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo with lands in the surrounding area (sьzda se světlyi i čьs(t)nъï.hramь.velikago vojevode vьïšnih silь. Arhistratiga Mihaila. Sьzda se i sьvrьši se. Vь dni Stefan(a) kral(a). Sь trudomь. Ï podanijemь raba B(ož)ija Ïōan(a) veikago voevode Ōlivera. I podružija ego rabu B(o)žiju Annu. Maru i vьzljublennago emu s(y)na Kraika. V(ь) lět(o). ƺ.ō.m.ḟ. se že sela i metohïe. Selo konь crkve Lěsnovo. Sь zaselkomъ Lukovu i u Bakově crkvь S(ve)t(o)ga Nikole sь selomь. Ï na rěcě zaselьkь Globica i selo Dobrьevo i u Drěvěnoi. S(ve)tьï Elisei i zaslьk Peštno i S(ve)ty Prokopije. I katunь Vlah(a) na Stroi i u Štipě S(ve)ty Nikola pop Sïfievь. i. k. kukei). Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and his sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) were the patrons of the parecclesion of the Saint John the Baptist in the Church of Saint Sophia in Ōhrid. The chapel was erected between the years 1347–1350. Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and their son Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) are depicted within the ktitorial composition on the western wall of the chapel. The portrait of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) is situated on the northern wall of the chapel. Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa, Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) sponsored a new narthex as a addition to the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo. The painted ktitorial composition with Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija), Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) is on the northern wall of the narthex. The fresco inscription above the entrance from the narthex to the naos gives details about the donors and the date 1349, when the narthex was decorated (Ἀνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρων, καὶ ἀνηστορίθη ὁ θεῖος καὶ πάνσεπτος ναὸς τοῦ ταξιαρχου Μιχ δι’ ἐξόδου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου Ιωάννου τοῦ Λύβερί. καὶ τῆς πανευτυχεστάτης βασιλείσης Μαρίας τῆς Λυβερίσης καὶ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν, Κραίκου καὶ Δαμιανοῦ. ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλεί Στεφάνου καὶ Ἐλένης, καὶ τοῦ ύιοῦ αὐτῶν κράλη τοῦ Οὐροσι μηνὶ αὐγύστῳ ѕʹ ἔτους ϛωνζ ἰνδ β). According to the charter of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš for the Hilandar Monastery from 15th August 1381 Maria Liberissa expressed short before her death the will that the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo should devolve after her death on the Hilandar Monastery. Her sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Rusinь confirmed that their mother wanted to donate the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo to the Hilandar Monastery (I kako je i despotica Ōlivera despota na sьmrьti rekla i sь synōma svoima Kraikōmь i Rusinomь da je paki tai crьkvь Hilandaru).
Kyrillos	Person	Archbishop	Mentioned in the sources from June 1355 to 1379. He appears as ὑπέρτιμος or kyrь in the sources. He was the Metropolitan of Melnik (ὁ ταπεινὸς Μελενίκου καὶ ὑπέρτιμος Κύριλλος, dostolěpni i v’sečьstni prěōsvešten’ni mitropolitь bogozdan’nago grada Mel’nika). He attested the authenticity of the charter from June 1355 concerning the sale of a plot of land in Chomnos Stolos near Melnik. Before May 1356 he found the Church of Saint Nicholas in Melnik damaged. He restored the church, built a wall around it and a tower (kyrь Kirilь ō crьkvi svetago Nikoli čudotvor’ca Stožьskoga kako jestь naš’lь ōnuzi crьkvь svetago Nikoli Stož’koga porušenu, i ōnь ju jestь ōbnovilь i sьzidalь i ōšte i k’tomu pirьgь sьzidalь svoimь trudomь i ōtkupomь). The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V confirmed in a chrysobull in May 1356, together with his mother, the Empress Jelena-Jelisaveta, the possession of the Church of Saint Nicholas in the town of Melnik with its landed property and holdings in Psalině and Gr’dali to the Metropolitan Kirilь. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V donated also the village Smilovo to him (I za tozi uspomenutije prěōsvešten’nago ni mitropolita kyrь Kirila prije gospožda mi i mati carьstva mi carica kyra Jelisaf’ti i carьstvo mi, i darovasmo mu ōnuzi kjeliju, crьkvь svetago Nikoli Stožьs’koga i pirьgь što si estь samь zidalь sь vsěmi pravinami i s selomь što si estь drьžala tazi crьkvь, i s planinomь. I zapisa mu carьstvo mi Kondarata sь stasiōmь i s perivoljemь i s vinogradomь i s nivijemь što si estь drьžalь i prěgje u Psalině. I staьs Jullianova u Grdali na čemь jestь sědělь Svinoglavь sь v’sěmi pravinami stasi těh’zi. I ōšte se carьstvo mi zьgovori z gospoždomь caricomь materiju carьstva mi i pridados’mo selo Smilovo sь vsьmi pravinami i s megjami i sь zasel’ci kako su drьžali vlasteličiki carьstva mi v’se čisto. I ošte mu zapisa carьstvo mi vinograd Tukarevь i Luv’rov što mu su darovali vlasteličiki carьstva mi Vitomirь i Staniša. I kupeničije što si jestь kupilь samь mitropolitь Kyrilь i priložil pod ōnuzi crьkvь da mu něstь vol’nь nikto potvoriti). Kyrillos is mentioned in the patriarchal decree from 1379 concerning the property dispute of the Spelaion-Monastery.
Laskarina Anna	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	Mentioned in the decision of the Patriarch of Constantinople Philotheos Kokkinos and the Synod from July 1365. She appears as κυρὰ in the document. Her husband held the position of ἐπὶ τῆς τραπέζης and therefore the document refers to her as ἐπιτραπέζαινα. She was the widow of Laskaris. She was a relative of Kontostephanos. She was the rightful owner of a richly decorated sword, which belonged earlier also to Kontostephanos. She was in dispute with the widow of Kontostephanos because of the sword. The patriarchal synod ordered Kontostephanina to offset Anna Laskarina with something of an equivalent value.
Laskaris (1)	Person	ἐπὶΤῆςΤραπέζης	Died before 1365. He held the position of ἐπὶ τῆς τραπέζης in April 1348. He was married to Anna Laskarina. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan donated the former property of Laskaris in April 1348 to the Batopedi Monastery. It consisted of the 500 modioi large estate called Aleurun near Chrysopolis and a 150 modioi large possession also near Chrysopolis (ὡσαύτως καὶ τὴν εἰς τὴν Χρυσούπολιν γῆν τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ Λάσκαρι τοῦ επὶ τῆς τραπέζης τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Ἀλευροῦν, μοδίων οὖσαν πεντακοσίων, καὶ ἑτέραν πλησίον τοῦ κάστρου μοδίων ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα). He fell in a battle before 1365.
Laskaris, Makarios Koteanitzes	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the two variants of the chrysobull charter confirming the donations of Hrelja to the Hilandar Monastery in the area of Štip and Strumica issued by the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan and in the decision of the Protaton on Mount Athos from December 1370. Died before 1374. He appeared as κῦρ in the decision of the Protaton on Mount Athos from December 1370. He was a monk. He was the father of Konstantinos Palaiologos Laskaris, Georgios Laskaris and Leon Koteanitzes Laskaris. He donated in 1364 the village Mpresnitza to the Saint Panteleimon Monastery on Mount Athos. The monks from the Hilandar Monastery accused him of an unlawful seizure of their land (οὗ τινος δὴ χωρίου γῆ προσηνέχθη μετὰ τοῦ δηλωθέντος χρυσοβούλλου παρὰ τοῦ ἐν μοναχοῖς κῦρ Μακαρίω Λάσκαρη τοῦ Κοτεανίτζη, ὅπερ μετὰ δολιότητος διὰ τὸ κλαπῆναι καὶ τὸ χρυσόβουλλον παρὰ τῶν δηλωθέντων Ῥωσῶν, καὶ συναρπαγεῖς ὁ Λάσκαρις ἐξέδοτο καὶ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὁ τοιοῦτος τόπος). They insisted on their claim on the grounds of a chrysobull granted to their monastery. The Protaton on Mount Athos gathered in December 1370 at the behest of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) ruled the dispute over the village of Mpresnitza in favour of the Hilandar Monastery. Makarios Koteanitzes Laskaris probably possessed also the village of Sekirnik and a parcel of land (Selište Sekir’nik i komat zemlje što jestь drьžalь Laskarь Kotanicь/Selo Sěkir’nykь i zem’lja što jestь drьžalь Laskarь Kotanicь).
Lena	Person	QueenKralica	Mentioned in the sources from 1348 to 1388/1389. The sources refer to her as kyra. She was Serbian queen (kralica). She became nun probably before 1385. She was married to Demetrios Blukasinos (Δημήτριος Βλουκασῖνος). They had together four sons (Marko, the King, Andrěašь, Dmitьrь, Ivaniša) and one daughter (Olivera). She made her testament during the Great Plague at Dubrovnik in 1348 (Item a Chiralegna mare de Peter de Tolen). She is attested along with her sons Marko and Andrěašь in the charter of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos for the Ragusan Republic, which was issued on 5th April 1370 (i po vʼse dni veselešti mi se vь zemʼli kraljevstva mi sь prěvьzljubljenʼnomь kraljestva mi kralicomь kyra Lěnom i sь prěvьzʼljubʼljenʼnimi synovi kraljevstva mi Markomь i Andrějašemь). The executors of the last will of Pavle Barabić from the Ragusan republic contacted on 8th June 1374 her logotet Dabiživь (cum logofeto, misso per consortem condam dicti domini regis et per heredes suos) in order to control the treasury of Demetrios Blukasinos, which the Serbian King had deposited at Pavle Barabić. Dabiživь became 30 ducats for his expenses. Her name appears in the ktitorial inscription above the south door in the interior of the Church of the so-called Marko’ Monastery (Saint Demetrius Monastery in Sušice near Skopje), which was completed in 1376/1377 (Izvōlenïemь ōtca i voplьšenïem sina i sьšestviemь svetago duha ōbnovi se i popisa si svety i božestavni hramь svetago velikōmučenika Hristova pobědōnosca i myrotočьca Dimitrija sь usrьdïemь i potštanïemь blagověrnago kralja Vlkašina sь blagověrniei kralice Eleny i sь prěvazljublenym eju i prьvorodnimь sinomь blagověrnimь kraljemь Markomь i Andreašemь i Ivanïšemь i Dimïtrom vь lěto ·ѕ·ō·p·e· si že monastirь nače se zdati lěto ·ѕ·ō·n·g· vь dni blagověrnago cara Stefana i hristoljubivago kralja Vlьkašina a sьvrši se vь dьni blagověrnago i hristoljubivago kralja Marka). She is mentioned as the mother of Andrěašь in the ktitorial inscription of the Saint Andreas Monastery by the river Treska from 1388/1389 (trudomь i podvigom hristoljubivago raba božija andrěaša sina ftorago blagověrnago kralě Vlьkašina i kralice Eleni monahini Elisaveti). Her name appears in the Bigorski pomenik (prisnopominaemuju kralicu monahïju Elisavethu).
Leo	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He appears as kyr in the charter. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Liberissa Maria	Person	despoticaΒασίλισσα	The hypothesis of J. Radonić that Maria Liberissa was identical with Maria Palaiologina (Μαρία Παλαιολογίνα) was refuted by M. Laskaris. Mentioned in the sources between 1340/1341 and 1349. She is mentioned as a deceased person in the charter of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš for the Hilandar Monastery from the 15th August 1381. She appears as Despotica (1347–1350, before 1381) and βασίλισσα (1349). It is not clear, if her father was Georgios Karabides (Γεώργιος Καραβίδης). She was married to Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver). They had together six sons (Kraikos [Κράϊκος, Krajko], Damianos [Δαμιανός, Damjan], Vidoslavь, Dabiživь, Rusinь, Oliverь) and one daughter (Danica). According to the stone inscription above the Western Entrance of the Katholikon in the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo from 1340/1341, she, her husband Ioannes Liberos (Ioan Oliver) and her son Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) sponsored the reconstruction and the painted decoration of the monastery. She, her husband and her son Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) endowed the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo with lands in the surrounding area (sьzda se světlyi i čьs(t)nъï.hramь.velikago vojevode vьïšnih silь. Arhistratiga Mihaila. Sьzda se i sьvrьši se. Vь dni Stefan(a) kral(a). Sь trudomь. Ï podanijemь raba B(ož)ija Ïōan(a) veikago voevode Ōlivera. I podružija ego rabu B(o)žiju Annu. Maru i vьzljublennago emu s(y)na Kraika. V(ь) lět(o). ƺ.ō.m.ḟ. se že sela i metohïe. Selo konь crkve Lěsnovo. Sь zaselkomъ Lukovu i u Bakově crkvь S(ve)t(o)ga Nikole sь selomь. Ï na rěcě zaselьkь Globica i selo Dobrьevo i u Drěvěnoi. S(ve)tьï Elisei i zaslьk Peštno i S(ve)ty Prokopije. I katunь Vlah(a) na Stroi i u Štipě S(ve)ty Nikola pop Sïfievь. i. k. kukei). Her name appears on a metal polycandilion with an inscribed medallion, which was ordered for the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo by Ioannes Liberos, when he held the position of the Grand Duke (voevoda oliver anna marija). Maria Liberissa together with her husband and her sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) were the patrons of the parecclesion of the Saint John the Baptist in the Church of Saint Sophia in Ōhrid. The chapel was erected between the years 1347–1350. Maria Liberissa together with her husband and her son Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) are depicted within the ktitorial composition on the western wall of the chapel. The portrait of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) is situated on the northern wall of the chapel. Maria Liberissa and her family sponsored a new narthex as a addition to the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo. The painted ktitorial composition with Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija), Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) is on the northern wall of the narthex. The fresco inscription above the entrance from the narthex to the naos gives details about the donors and the date 1349, when the narthex was decorated (Ἀνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρων, καὶ ἀνηστορίθη ὁ θεῖος καὶ πάνσεπτος ναὸς τοῦ ταξιαρχου Μιχ δι’ ἐξόδου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου Ιωάννου τοῦ Λύβερί. καὶ τῆς πανευτυχεστάτης βασιλείσης Μαρίας τῆς Λυβερίσης καὶ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν, Κραίκου καὶ Δαμιανοῦ. ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλεί Στεφάνου καὶ Ἐλένης, καὶ τοῦ ύιοῦ αὐτῶν κράλη τοῦ Οὐροσι μηνὶ αὐγύστῳ ѕʹ ἔτους ϛωνζ ἰνδ β). According to the charter of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš for the Hilandar Monastery from 15th August 1381 Maria Liberissa expressed short before her death the will that the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo should devolve after her death on the Hilandar Monastery. (I kako je i despotica Ōlivera despota na sьmrьti rekla i sь synōma svoima Kraikōmь i Rusinomь da je paki tai crьkvь Hilandaru).
Liberos Ioannes	Person	vojevoda	Mentioned in several sources between 1336 and 1354. The inscription placed next to the portrait of Ioannes Liberos on the north wall of the naos in the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo lists all dignities, which were granted to him during his career (azь rabь hristovь iōanь ōliverь po milosti božiei i gospodina mi krala stefana bihь u srьblemь veliky čelnikь potom veliki sulga potomь veliki voevoda potomь veliky sevastokratorь i/a za věrnoe emu porabotanije po milosti božiei i veliki despotь vseja srьbskije zemle i pomorьskije i učestnikь grьkomь). Srdjan Pirivatrić presumes that the titles of grand sebastrokrator, grand despot and učestnik, were bestowed upon Ioannes Liberos by Byzantine imperial authorities before coronation of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in 1346. He held the position of veliki čelnik, before 1341. veliki sluga (megas domestikos), 1332–1341 (ja sluga veli Ōliverь/Iōanь veliki sluga Ōliverь vьse srpskie zemlie i pomorskie). veliki vojvoda (megas dux) 1341/1342 (sь trudomь i podanijemь raba božija ioana velikago voevode olivera; Veliki voevoda Ōlïver povelě pisati, a Stanislavь pisa; ōbьdrьžeštu ōblastiju vseju ōvčepolьskoju velikomu vojevodě Ōliveru, vь horě Zletovcěi; jegože velikyi vojevoda Ōliverь sьzda is temelja; povelěnijemь gospodina velikago vojevode Ōlivera; Bogь da prostitь velikago vojevodu Ōlivera). He was the son-in-law of Georgios Karabides (Γεώργιος Καραβίδης). His brother was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was married to Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija). He had six sons (Kraikos [Κράϊκος, Krajko], Damianos [Δαμιανός, Damjan], Vidoslavь, Dabiživь, Rusinь, Oliverь) and one daughter (Danica). Already in 1334 he got acquainted with Ioannes Kantakuzenos during the meeting between the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos and Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in Rhadobosdion (Radovište). They became friends. Jovan Oliver entrusted before 1341 his subordinate Todorь with the task to settle the deserted settlement site Sveti Dimitrije in Jastrebnica, which was in possession of the Monastery of Saint Demetrius in Kočane. Jovan Oliver issued between 1332 and 1341 a charter, in which were listed the rights and duties of Todorь at Sveti Dimitrije in Jastrebnica (Naidohь selište pusto Svetago Dimitrija u Jastrebnicě i podahь moga člověka Todora, koi mi se prěda izь Grьkь, po ruce da naseli ōmozi selo). Ioannes Liberos, the son-in-law of Georgios Karabides, stated on 28th June 1336 in the presence of Nikola Falletro, the comes of the town of Ragusa, that he received the former treasury of Karabides from Junije Lukarević. Ioannes Liberos swore that he will give the treasury to the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan and request a charter for Junije Lukarević from the king, which will confirm the receipt of treasury and ruled out the possibility of demand by the king, Liberos or the children of Karabides (Oliuer Gherchinich, baro domini Regis Raxie et gener Charauide, constitutes ante presentiam nobilis et potentis viri domini Nicolai Falletro, honorabilis comitis Ragusii, contentus e confessus fuit habuisse et recepisse et apud se habere a Junio de Lucarom de Ragusio unam centuram de argento et unam ladicam de argento, ponderis inter ambas librarum tredecim et unciarum V, et centum nonaginta quinque ducatos de auro, que centura et ladica et ducati acomandati fuerunt per dictum Carauidam, socerum olim dicti Oliueri, eidem Junio, ut idem Junius confessus fuit. Et similiter idem Oliverius confessus fuit tantas fuisse res et ducatos, accomandatas eidem Junio per dictum Charauidam et non plures, cum infrascriptis pactis et condictionibus, uidelicet quod ipse Oliuerius teneatur et debeat predictam centuram et ladicam et ducatos dare in manibus domini Regis Raxie in presentia Petri de Ribica et Marini filii Junii de Uolcasso de Ragusio et fieri facere ab ipso Rege eidem Junio de Lucaro unam apouiliam, sigillatam suo sigillo, continentem, qualiter ipse dominus Rex uel suus successor nec frater, filii seu filia dicti Charauidi seu aliqua alia persona de dicta centura et ladica et ducatis non possint facere uel mouere aliquam litem uel questionem in regno Raxie et Slauonie seu in aliquo loco, in curia uel extra, eidem Junio). Ioannes Liberos owned and received from the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan landed estates in the region of Ovče Pole, Zletovo and Tikveš for his service. According to the stone inscription above the Western Entrance of the Katholikon in the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo from 1340/1341, he, his wife and his son Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) sponsored the reconstruction and the painted decoration of the monastery. He, his wife and his Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) endowed the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo with lands in the surrounding area (sьzda se světlyi i čьs(t)nъï.hramь.velikago vojevode vьïšnih silь. Arhistratiga Mihaila. Sьzda se i sьvrьši se. Vь dni Stefan(a) kral(a). Sь trudomь. Ï podanijemь raba B(ož)ija Ïōan(a) veikago voevode Ōlivera. I podružija ego rabu B(o)žiju Annu. Maru i vьzljublennago emu s(y)na Kraika. V(ь) lět(o). ƺ.ō.m.ḟ. se že sela i metohïe. Selo konь crkve Lěsnovo. Sь zaselkomъ Lukovu i u Bakově crkvь S(ve)t(o)ga Nikole sь selomь. Ï na rěcě zaselьkь Globica i selo Dobrьevo i u Drěvěnoi. S(ve)tьï Elisei i zaslьk Peštno i S(ve)ty Prokopije. I katunь Vlah(a) na Stroi i u Štipě S(ve)ty Nikola pop Sïfievь. i. k. kukei). He supplied the monastery with the Menaion. The scribe Stanislavь, who wrote the menaion, recorded, that Ioannes Liberos donated also frames for the screen icons and church vessels to the monastery with the intention to grant the monastery to the Hilandar Monastery (velikyi vojevoda ōliverь sьzda is temelija i sьvrьšivь i popisa i vsakimi dorotami ukrasivь, sьsudï zlatьïmi i srebrьnьïmi pokova velikyje ikony srebromь i zlatomь, jakože jestь lěpo domь božii ukrašati, podavь sela i metohije i pašišta i livade i planine milostiōvь kralevovь utvrьdivь vse sinore i zapisavь zlatopečatnymь hrisovulomь i prědastь ju u svetu goru stoi bogorodici hilandarьskoi sь vsakymь utvrьždenijemь). As a Grand Duke, Ioannes Liberos, ordered the fabrication of a metal polycandilion with an inscribed medallion for the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo (voevoda oliver anna marija). When the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos had proceeded in 1342 with his army along the right bank of the river Vardar, he discovered the forces of Ioannes Liberos near Belesos (Veles). The Byzantine emperor sent an envoy to Liberos in order to remind him of the friendly contacts they had before. Very short after the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos had crossed the river, Ioannes Liberos hosted him and his troops for three days. The Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos, who placed reliance on Liberos, even proposed a marriage between his son Manuel and Danica, the daughter of Liberos. Ioannes Liberos provided accomodation for the Byzatine emperor and his troops in Skopje. In the meantime Liberos visited the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the area of Morava. Liberos persuaded the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to receive the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos favourably. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan then sent Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan), the brother of Ioannes Liberos, to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos in order to let him know about his soon arrival in Tao (Pauni) near Pristenon (Priština). In July/August 1342 the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan formed an alliance with the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos. Ioannes Liberos brought the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to convince the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos in regard of the engagment beween Danica and Manuel. Ioannes Liberos then accompanied the Byzantine Emperor with the Serbian auxiliary forces on the campaign to the town Serres. He fell ill before the gates of town of Serres. As sebastokrator Ioannes Liberos donated another medallion with monogramms for the polycandilion in the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo. The monastic endowment of Ioannes Liberos became a seat of new founded Episcopy of Zletovo between 1346 and 1347, which is documented in the charter of confirmation issued by the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (v’seljubimomu vlastelinu svetago carьsva mi despotu Ōliveru, iže jestь sьzdalь svetyi hramь ōnь ōtь osnovanija, iže vь městě Lěsnově, i ukrasivь v’sěkymi lěpotami crьkьvnymi, i udarovavь sel’mi i sь zaselьci, i sь planinami, i sь pročïimi ōtesy zemlje te). Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and his sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) were the patrons of the parecclesion of the Saint John the Baptist in the Church of Saint Sophia in Ōhrid. The chapel was erected between the years 1347–1350. Ioannes Liberos together with his wife and his son Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) are depicted within the ktitorial composition on the western wall of the chapel. The portrait of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) is situated on the northern wall of the chapel. Ioannes Liberos and his family sponsored a new narthex as a addition to the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo. The painted ktitorial composition with Ioannes Liberos, Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija), Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan) is on the northern wall of the narthex. The fresco inscription above the entrance from the narthex to the naos gives details about the donors and the date 1349, when the narthex was decorated (Ἀνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρων, καὶ ἀνηστορίθη ὁ θεῖος καὶ πάνσεπτος ναὸς τοῦ ταξιαρχου Μιχ δι’ ἐξόδου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου Ιωάννου τοῦ Λύβερί. καὶ τῆς πανευτυχεστάτης βασιλείσης Μαρίας τῆς Λυβερίσης καὶ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν, Κραίκου καὶ Δαμιανοῦ. ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλεί Στεφάνου καὶ Ἐλένης, καὶ τοῦ ύιοῦ αὐτῶν κράλη τοῦ Οὐροσι μηνὶ αὐγύστῳ ѕʹ ἔτους ϛωνζ ἰνδ β). Ioannes Liberos appears for the last time in the papal letter from May 1354, in which Innocent VI. sent the identical instructions for the most powerful nobles in the Serbian empire, who contributed to the possibility of an union between the Serbian and Roman churches (Oliverio despoto Serviae).
Margarites Ioannes	Person	οἰκεῖος	Attested in the sources between 1342 and 1372/1373. He appears as κῦρ and οἰκεῖος of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos and of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the sources. He held the position of the Megas Hetaireiarches in 1348. According to the Praktikon issued in January 1342 by Michal Papylas Romanos was Ioannes Margarites the recipient of a confiscated land from Arsenios Tzamplakon located between Serres and Zichna and of a zeugelateion, which belonged to Kantakuzenos, near Zichna. He became these estates with the revenue of 55 hyperpyra and was fully exempted from paying taxes (κῦρ Ἰωάννην τὸν Μαργαρίτην ἀπὸ τῆς περὶ τὰ Ζίχνα καὶ τὰς Σέῤῥας ἀφαιρεθείσης ἀρτίως οἰκονομίας παρὰ τοῦ Τζαμπλάκωνος κυροῦ Ἀρσενίου, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ περὶ τὰ Ζίχνα διακειμένου ζευγηλατείου τοῦ Καντακουζηνοῦ, ποσότητα ὑπερπύρων πεντήκοντα πέντε, καὶ κατέχῃ καὶ νέμηται ταύτην ἐλευθέραν πάντη καὶ ἀκαταδούλωτον). The possession of Ioannes Margarites at Kato Uska and Rachoba was declared exempt from the 9 nomismata tax and hereditary by the prostagma of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V. Palaiologos from October 1342. The former estates of Tzako [...], most probably Arsenios Tzamplakos, consisted of arable land and vineyards (Ἐπεὶ ὁ οἰκεῖος τῆ βασιλεία μου ὁ Μαργαρίτης κέκτηται δι’ ἀπογραφικῶν ἀποδείξεων τοῦ τε οἰκείου τῆς βασιλείας μου μεγάλου χαρτουλαρίου κυροῦ Ἰωάννου τοῦ Βατάτζη, καὶ τοῦ πανσεβάστου σεβαστοῦ οἰκείου τῆ βασιλεία μου ὀρφανοτρόφου κυροῦ Κωνσταντίνου [ ] εἴς τε τὸ χωρίον τὴν Κάτω Οὔσκαν καὶ τὴν Ῥάχοβαν ἀπό τε Τζάκω[ ] ὑποστάσεων καὶ δημοσιακῶν γῆν τινα καὶ ἀμπέλια). Ioannes Margarites granted his land at Kato Uska to the Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the gift of Ioannes Margarites in the chrysobull charter, which was issued in October 1345. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the endowment of Ioannes Margarites to the Batopedi Monastery in April 1348. It consisted of a property near the village Dratzoba, land in the vicinity of Mikra Neboliane, a property in the town of Kaisaropolis, a piece of land not far from the town Chrysupolis, house and a church in the town Chrysopolis (ὁ οἰκεῖος τῆ βασιλεία μου μέγας εταιρειάρχῃς κῦρ Ἰωάννης ὁ Μαργαρίτης δι’ τῆς βασιλείας μου ὅσον ἐκέκτητο περὶ Δράτζοβαν τὸ χωρίον καὶ γῆν εἰς τὴν Μικρὰν Νεβόλιανιν καὶ ὅσον εἶχεν εἰς τὴν Καισσαρόπολιν ἅτινα προκατεῖχε διὰ χρυσοβούλλου τῆς βασιλείας μου, ἀλλὰ δὴ καὶ τὴν εἰς τὴν Χρυσούπολιν γῆν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐντὸς τοῦ κάστρου ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ὀσπήτιν). He became a monk in the Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres. He probably requested a firman from the Ottoman Sultan. The Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres obtained the charter from Ottoman Sultan Murad I in 1372/1373. The monastery is mentioned in the charter as the church of Margaritis.
Maria (3)	Person	κτητόρισσα/Ktitorica	Mentioned in the dedicatory inscription found on the western wall of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad from 1368–1369. She appears as a πανευγενεστάτη κυρία Μαρια θυγάτηρ αυτου in the inscription next to her portrait. She was the daughter of the kaisar Nobakos and Kale. Her brother was Amerales. Her father kaisar Nobakos sponsored the renovation and decoration of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad in the year 1368–1369 (Άνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρου καὶ κόπού καὶ μόχθοῦ ὁ θεϊος κὲ πάνσεπτος ναώς ουτος της υπεραγίας δεσπίνης ἡμων Θεοτόκου καὶ ἀνηστορίθην παρὰ του αὐφθέντου αὐτοῦ πὰνευτυχεστάτου κέσαρος Νοβάκου ἠγουμενέβῶντὸς δὲ Ἰωνὰ μοναχοῦ. Αὐφθεντεύβοντος πανυψηλοτάτου κραλήου τοῦ Βεληκασίνου. Άρχαηερατεύωντος δὲ τῆς ἀγιωτάτης ἀρχιεπησκοπῆς τῆς Πρότης Ἰουστινηανης, ετους ͵ςωοζʹ). The family portrait of Nobakos has been preserved on the western external façade. She and her brother are painted to the left of the virgin, who is the central figure of the ktitorial composition. She is portrayed as a young woman.
Markos	Person	King	The fragmentary preserved inscription above the entrance on the south wall of the Church of the Holy Mother of God in Drenovo, which is dated to 1356 or later, refers to a painter Dimitr’, who worked on the decoration of the church Drenovo after the death of the Serbian Emperor Stefan (probably Uroš IV Dušan) at the same time as the dominion was controlled by Nikola (Nikola Stanjevikь?) and Marko (Markos, the King?) (sьzda se hram’ si v’ lě.. ѕ i ō.....i azь Dimitr’ zugraf priloh’ vь hramь sei...lě..z i d i pisah’ pri drž’avě Nikole i Markě po smrьti svetorodnago cara Stefana). The hypothesis about the identity of Marko from the inscription and Markos was refuted by Evgenij P. Naumov. He died on 17th May 1395. He appears in the sources as mladi kralj. He was the co–ruler of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V, 27.9.1371–2. (4.) 12. 1371, since 2. (4). 12. 1371 formal king of the Serbian Empire. He was the son of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos and Lena. His siblings were Andrěašь, Dmitьrь, Ivanišь and Olivera. He was married to Jelena, the daughter of Radoslabos Chlapenos. He divorced her and lived then with Thodora, who was the daughter of a certain Grьgurь, probably Grьgurь Branković. After the romance with Thodora ended, Markos gave Thodora to Radoslabos Chlapenos and remarried Jelena according to dijak Dobre, who wrote about it in a note in the festal Menaion (Pysa se sija knyga u Porěči, u selě zovom Kalugerecь vь dьni blagověrnago kralja Mar’ka, jegda ōdade Thodoru Grьgurovu ženu Hlapenu, a uze ženu svoju prьvověn’čan’nu Jelenu, Hlapenovu dьštere). Markos divorced her again because of her bad behaviour according to Mauro Orbini. The later Greek chronicler Makarios Melissenos relates that Andronikos IV Palaiologos, the son of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos, together with his father-in-law Markos, who ruled over the Bulgarian land, sought help at the court of the Ottoman Sultan (καὶ τοῦ πενθεροῦ αὐτοῦ Μάρκου τοῦ τῆς Βουλγαρίας ἔτι μέρος δεσπόζοντος). In July 1361 he was in Dubrovnik as an emissary. The Ragusans gave him back his silver deposit under the condition that he will not trade with it and with the 25 pounds of silver, which belonged to Lena, his mother (Prima pars est de restituendo Marco ambaxiatori argentum suum cum hac conditione, quod non possit emere mercationes cum ipso nisi de libris XXV argenti uxoris Volcassini). Demetrios Blukasinos intended to marry Markos to the daughter of the Croatian nobleman Gregor Pavlović Šubić. Demetrios Blukasinos contacted therefore the Bosnian King Tvrtko at whose court the woman lived as a protégé. The plan of Demetrios Blukasinos failed because of the opposition of Pope Urban V, who did not allow to marry the catholic princess to schismatic Markos. Pope Urban V expressed his point of view to Tvrtko in a letter from April 1370 (quodque tu eandem puellam tradere nuptui filio mangnifici viri Regis Rascie scismatico absque dictorum parentum voluntate procuras, in anime ipsius puelle periculum, eorundem parentum iniuriam et offensam fidei christiane). Markos is attested along with his mother Lena and his brother Andrěašь in the charter of the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos for the Ragusan Republic, which was issued on 5th April 1370 (i po vʼse dni veselešti mi se vь zemʼli kraljevstva mi sь prěvьzljubljenʼnomь kraljestva mi kralicomь kyra Lěnom i sь prěvьzʼljubʼljenʼnimi synovi kraljevstva mi Markomь i Anьdrějašemь). The Church of Saint Sunday (Sveta Nedela) in Prizren was renovated under the patronage of Markos in 1370/1371. He is attested as a young king in the ktirorial inscription (izvōljenjemь ōtca i vьplьštenijemь sina i blagodětiju svetago duha. sii svety i božьstvny hramь prěčьstïe vladičice naše bogordice. vьhoda ne sьzda se ï popisa. Pōvělěnïemь ï sь ōtkupōmь gospodina mladago krala marka lěto ·ѕ·ō·o·th· indiktiōn th). Ioannes Unklesis mentioned Markos in the charter for the Monastery Lavra on the Holy Mount Athos from April 1371 as his anepsei. Markos and Demetrios Blukasinos planned a campaign against Nikola Altomanović in the spring 1371. They camped near Skutari, on the territory of their ally Đurađ I Balšić, in July 1371 and were ready to attack Onogošt in the land of Altomanović (Li çintili homini et lo comun di Ragusa reçevi una littera, la qual lor mandasti tu Andrea Pastrovich, dando lor a savere, ca Jura cum misser lo re Volchassin et cum Marco suo fio, cum lor hoste son suta Scutari, et va sovra çuppan Nicola o in Anagast). The attack never took place, because the Ottomans threatened Ioannes Unklesis. Demetrios Blukasinos rushed to help his brother. After Ioannes Unklesis and Demetrios Blukasinos were killed at the battle of Marica on 26th September 1371, Markos became the co–ruler of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. When the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V. died on 2th (or 4th) December 1371, Markos became the formal king of the Serbian Empire, but his rule was never accepted by the local Serbian aristocrats. Subsequently, the Serbian local aristocrats took advantage of the militarily weakened position of Markos and gradually seized large parts of his lands. Lazar took very early Priština and Novo Brdo, in 1372 Đurađ I Balšić occupied Prizren, later Kastoria, Bulkos (Vlkь Brankovikь) controlled since 1376/1377 the Skopje area and Konstantinos Dragases with his brother Ioannes expanded also their territory at the expense of Markos. Markos ruled since then over the area of Pelagonia and had his stronghold in Prilep. Markos minted his own coins. Markos renovated also the Church of the Saint Archangels in Prilep around 1372. The main entrance to the church is flanked by the painted portrait of Demetrios Blukasinos and Markos, who is depicted in the white sakkos. The portrait of Markos bears an inscription (Vь hrista boga věrenь kralь Marko). Markos became the vassal of the Ottoman sultan following the meeting at Serres in winter 1393/1394. Markos rebuilt the Saint Demetrius Monastery near the village Sušica (the so-called Marko’s Monastery) between 1376/1377 and 1381 (Izvōlenïemь ōtca i voplьšenïem sina i sьšestviemь svetago duha ōbnovi se i popisa si svety i božestavni hramь svetago velikōmučenika Hristova pobědōnosca i myrotočьca Dimitrija sь usrьdïemь i potštanïemь blagověrnago kralja Vlkašina sь blagověrniei kralice Eleny i sь prěvazljublenym eju i prьvorodnimь sinomь blagověrnimь kraljemь Markomь i Andreašemь i Ivanïšemь i Dimïtrom vь lěto ·ѕ·ō·p·e· si že monastirь nače se zdati lěto ·ѕ·ō·n·g· vь dni blagověrnago cara Stefana i hristoljubivago kralja Vlьkašina a sьvrši se vь dьni blagověrnago i hristoljubivago kralja Marka). The lunette of the south door of the monastery church is decorated with his portrait. Markos is shown holding a horn in his right hand and a scroll with the inscription Azь vь Hrista Boga blagověrьni kralь Markos sьzdahь i popisahь sy božestvni hramь. He together with his brother Markos marched in 1389 with the troops of the Ottoman Sultan Murad I against the army of the Serbian Prince Lazaros (Lazar Hrebeljanović) and Bulkos (Vuk Branković) according to the Tronoški rodoslov from the 18th century (Amuratь že ōbrativь voinstvō skoe na deržavu lazarevu, predvodimь markomь i andreemь). He together with Konstantinos Dragases as Ottoman vassals marched on the side of the Sultan Bayazid I. against the Wallachian army led by Mircea the Elder. He perished in the battle of Rovine on 17th May 1395. Markos is the hero of the Serbian epic poetry.
Maurophoros Michael	Person	οἰκεῖος	Mentioned in the sources between 1327 and 1356. He appears between 1327 and 1335 as οἰκεῖος of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos and in 1348 as οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He held the position of the κριτὴς τοῦ φοσσάτου (military judge), before 1348. He is attested as a military judge in Serres between 1327 and 1335. He was a Ioannes VI. Kantakuzenos supporter in the civil war. He possessed а 300 modioi large land near Neboliane called Harmenon. The Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos confiscated his land in November 1344 for the sake of treachery and gave it to the stratopedarches Ioannes Chumnos (καὶ τὴν Νεβόλιανιν τὴν καλουμένην Ἅρμενον, ἅπερ προκατεῖχεν ὁ ἄπιστος Μαυροφόρος). The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan granted in April 1348 the endowment of Michael Maurophoros to the Batopedi Monastery. It consisted of his wife’s dowry, his hereditary land and of bought estates. Michael Maurophoros donated along these lands also houses in Zichna, vineyards, fields outside the town, summer residence in Gradistion with garden and houses, which he became from the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos, to the Batopedi Monastery (ὁμοίως καὶ ὅσα ἀφιέρωσεν ὁ οἰκεῖος τῆ βασιλεία μου κριτὴς τοῦ φοσσάτου ὁ Μαυροφόρος ἀπὸ τε προικὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ γονικότητος καὶ ἐξ ἀγορασίας, τά τε ἐντὸς τοῦ κάστρου ὀσπήτια καὶ ἐκτός, ἀμπέλια καὶ χωράφια, μετὰ παντὸς τοῦ εἰς τὸ Γραδίστον καθίσματος, τοῦ περιβολίου καὶ τῶν οἰκημάτων καὶ πάσης τῆς νομῆς καὶ περιοχῆς αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ χωράφια ἅπερ εἶχε διὰ χρυσοβούλλου). The chrysobull charter of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos from September 1356 gives account that Michael Maurophoros bestowed more property on the Batopedi Monastery. He granted the Metochion of Saint Nicholas near Zichna (Χωρίον Ἁγίου Νικολάου τοῦ θαυματουργοῦ, ὅπερ δέδωκεν ὁ Μαυροφόρος), a zeugelateion (Τὸ ἐκεῖσε ζευγηλατεῖον τὸ ἀφιερωθὲν παρὰ τοῦ Μαυροφόρου καὶ καλούμενον) and a landed property near Drymon called Konchista (τὸ χωρίον τοῦ Μαυροφόρου ῃ Κογχίστα λεγόμενον) to the Batopedi Monastery.
Maurozumes Angelos	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the charter of Despot of Ioannina Thomas Komnenos Preljubović (Prelumpos) and his wife Maria Angelina Komnene Palaiologina for the Lavra Monastery from 1375. He deceased probably before 1375. The Despot of Ioannina Thomas Komnenos Preljubović (Prelumpos) and his wife Maria Angelina Komnene Palaiologina donated in 1375 the Monastery Theotokos Gaballiotisa in Edessa (Vodena) founded by them to the Lavra Monastery with all its possessions and inventory. These included a property in Hagia Paraskeue, which was erected by Angelos Maurozumes (ἀλλὰ δὴ καὶ εἰς τὴν Ἁγίαν Παρασκευὴν τὸ ὅσον ἐπροσεθήκαμεν ἡμεῖς καὶ ὅσον ἀνέθεσεν ὁ Μαυροζούμης ὁ Ἄγγελος) and a vineyard in Nesopulon, which was donated by Angelos Maurozumes (ἕτερον ἀμπέλιον, ὅπερ ἐχαρίσατο πρὸς ἡμᾶς ὁ αὐτὸς Μαυροζούμης ὁ Ἄγγελος τὸν τόπον).
Mihailo	Person	hieromonk/Priestmonk	Mentioned in the colophone of the Apostol manuscript from 1365–1371, which has been preserved in the Titov collection (Nr. 3365) of the National library of Russia. His written entry is attested in the Menaion for January from 1390, which has been preserved in the collection of manuscripts kept in the National library of Serbia (Nr. 75/ Sv. M. 1233). He was a priestmonk. He wrote the Apostol manuscript at Lešnica in the region of Polog for the priest Miho in Debreše (Pisase sija kniga mnogogrěšnogo rukoju ieromonaha Mihaila popu Mihě iz Debreše Nikolinu synu…Azь ōbrěmeneni i ōkajanьni pisahь vь dьni Vlьkašina kralja, kьdi drьžaše Grьgurь Pologь, a pisavši beše iz Lešnice, nierei mnih’). He recorded his fear of the Ottomans in the Menaion manuscript from 1390 (i sьvrьši se vь lěto ѕōsn grěšni Mihailь napisa. i bogь da izvěsti što patih ōt straha turčьskoga ōvamo...).
Miho (4)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the colophone of the Apostol manuscript from 1365–1371, which has been preserved in the Titov collection (Nr. 3365) of the National library of Russia. He was a priest. He was the son of Nikola. He lived in Debreše. The priestmonk Mihailo wrote the Apostol manuscript at Lešnica in the region of Polog for him (Pisase sija kniga mnogogrěšnogo rukoju ieromonaha Mihaila popu Mihě iz Debreše Nikolinu synu…Azь ōbrěmeneni i ōkajanьni pisahь vь dьni Vlьkašina kralja, kьdi drьžaše Grьgurь Pologь, a pisavši beše iz Lešnice, nierei mnih’).
Milošь (2)	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	Mentioned in the charter of Vukašin (Demetrios Blukasinos) from January 1366, in which the Serbian King confirmed the donation of Novakь Mrasorovikь to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos.He was the Governor of the town Prilep (kefalia prilěpьski). He was the guarantee of the legal accuracy of the charter, which was issued by the Serbian King Vukašin (Demetrios Blukasinos) in January 1366 (A tomu milostnikь Milošь kefalia prilěpьski).
Mladenes Prankos	Person	σεβαστοκράτωρ/Sevastokratorь	Died probably before 11th March 1365. The chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V from 11th March 1365 refers to him as Sebastokrator (Romanь, synь sěvastokratora Bran’ka). He held the position of a Governor of Ōhrid between 1355 – 1365 (ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ Βοῦλκον τὸν τοῦ Πράγκου τοῦ Μλαδένεω υἱόν, Καστορίας τε καὶ Ὀχρίδος τῆς ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ ἡγεμόνος). His father was Mladen. His sister was Radoslava. He had three sons (Vuk Branković [Bulkos], Radonja [Nikolaos Radochnas], Grgur) and a daughter (Teodora). A psalter, which is now in the collection of the manuscripts in the library of the Romanian Academy of Sciences (Nr. 205), was written in 1346 by a certain Iōanь Bogoslav at the place called Borьčь (Borča) and designed for Branko Mladenović (Prankos Mladenes) (Izvolenijemь božijemь i vьplьštenijemь svetago duha i roždenijemь syna sii psaltirь napisa se pomoštiju božijeju i prěčistyje jego matere vь lěto .ѕōndʹ., jenьdikьto .g., sь potьštanijemь priležnymь i vsesrьdьčnymь jaže u ustavu božьstvьnyhь pisanii, napisa si psaltirь Branьko Mladěnovikь a rukoju mnogogrěšnaago, zavitaago vь sujetii žitiistěmь raba božija Iōana, a zavomь Bogoslava, vь měste rekoměmь Borьčь, vь dьni blagověrьnaago i bogočьtivaago i samodrьžьca vsěhь srьbьskyhь zemlь i pomorьskyhь kralja Stefana i syna mu kralja Uroša, vь to vrěme prěje gospodinь kralь Stěfanь gradь Kosturь, gradь Bělgradь, gradь Kaminu). Two pieces of embroidery, one of which is kept in the Hermitage and the other in the British Museum, belonged to Branko (Prankos Mladenes). The name of the owner and the motif of a lion near the name imply that it was once worn by Branko. His son Radonja/Roman (Nikolaos Radochnas) donated the patrimonial church of Saint Archangel with three villages Trstenik, Bežanići, Tušilo and the selište Hudine, which was granted by the Serbian Emperor to his father Branko, to the Hilandar Monastery. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V confirmed the endowment of Radonja/Roman (Nikolaos Radochnas) on 11th March 1365 in a chrysobull charter (I kako prihodi kь carьstvu mi v’sečьstni starьcь Svetije Gori Athona, Romanь, synь sěvastokratora Bran’ka, i uspomenu carьstvu mi kako se jestь zgovorilь svoimь bratōmь Grьguromь i Vlьkōmь, i kako da prilože ōdь svoje baštine crьkvi svetoi Bogorodici hilandarskoi, i za uspomenutije v’sčьsthenoga star’ca Romana svoōm bratiōmь darova mu carьstvo mi crьkovь baštinu a svetago arьhangela s trьmi seli: s Trьstěnikomь i z Běžaniki i s Tušilōmь i selištemь, što jestь dalo bilo carьstvo mi sěvastokratoru Bran’ku s Hudinami ō česa jestь žitěje u Bugare poběglь, a pod crьkovь svetu Bogorodicu hilandar’sku).
Mpogdanos	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the sources between 1342 and 1371. He was a local ruler (governor) in Macedonia. He controlled the area of the Rhodopemountains according to the later byzantine historian Laonikos Chalkokondyles (Μπόγδανον τὸν τὴν Ῥοδόπην κατέχοντα). His brother was the Despot Jovan Oliver (Ioannes Liberos). He was sent by Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos in order to greet him and to let him know that the Serbian king will soon arrive (πέμψαντες δὲ πρὸ αὐτῶν Μπογδάνον τὸν Λιβέρου ἀδελφὸν, ἠσπάζοντό τε βασιλέα καὶ ἐδήλουν, ὡς ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον ἀφιξόμενοι πρὸς ἐκεῖνον). The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan entrusted the region between Serres and the river Vardar to him, because he was skilled warrior and a good man according to the later byzantine historian Laonikos Chalkokondyles (τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ Φερρῶν ἔστε ἐπὶ Ἀξιὸν ποταμὸν Μπογδάνῳ ἀνδρὶ ἀγαθῷ καὶ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον οὐκ ἀδοκίμῳ). After the battle at the river Marica he became a vassal of the Ottoman Sultan Murad I. (μετὰ ταῦτα Μπόγδανον τὸν ταύτῃ ἡγεμόνα ὑπαγόμενος, ὥστε οἱ ἕπεσθαι σὺν τῇ αὐτοῦ στρατιᾷ).
Mpraianes	Person	Nobleman	It is doubtful whether he is the same person as Župan Petar Brajan, who founded the Church Bela Crkva in Karan near Užice between the years 1340 and 1342 (Gospodi bože...raba blagorodivogь ktitora petra a zovomь župana braiana i sь podružiemь si sь struōmь i sь čedi svoimi). Mentioned for the year 1350 by the Byzantine historian Ioannes Kantakuzenos. He was the Governor of the town Chrysupolis (Amphipolis), summer 1350. He was a friend of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes VI Kantakuzenos. He promised to persuade other acquitances of emperor willing to support military aid to Ioannes VI. Kantakuzenos (καὶ τὴν νύκτα ἐκείνην ὡρμίσατο ἐπ’ ἀγκυρῶν Ἀμφιπόλεως ἐγγὺς ὑπὸ Τριβαλῶν κατεχομένης. ἧς ἐπετρόπευε Μπραϊάνης, βασιλεῖ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα φίλος ὢν ἐκ τῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς διατριβῆς· πρὸς ὃν ἀκατίου ἐπιβὰς νυκτὸς, ἀφίκετο εἰς Ἀμφίπολιν ὁ βασιλεὺς κρύφα καὶ διειλέχθη. ὁ δὲ τά τε πρὸς αὐτὸν εὖ διέθετο βασιλεῖ ἐπαγγειλάμενος πάντα ποιήσειν κατὰ γνώμην, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις βασιλέως φίλοις ὑπέσχετο διαλεχθήσεσθαι, ἵν’ ἐν καιρῷ προσήκοντι χρήσιμοι ὀφθεῖεν βασιλεῖ).
Nestongos Dukas	Person	δοῦλος	Mentioned in the sources between 1352 and 1360. He was designated as κὺρ. He appears as οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the confirmation charter for the Monastery of Saint Anastasia near Zichna. The sources refer to him also as δοῦλος of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene). He held the office of Logothetes, since 1352; then of Governor of Serres (Nestegus capitaneus Seren.; Nestegus Zephalia Seren.), 1354 and finally of Megas Papias, 1360. His wife was Eudokia Nestongissa. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed in the year 1352 that the village Ostrina belonged to the Monastery of Saint Anastasia near Zichna. He ordered Georgios Dukas Nestongos (οἰκεῖος ὁ αὐτῆ κὺρ Γεώργιος ὁ λογοθέτης) to look after the inviolability of the rights of the monastery. He (Ὀ λογοθέτης Γεώργιος Δούκας ὁ Νεστόγγος) together with his wife (Σίγνον Ευδοκίας Παλαιολογίνης τῆς Νεστογγόνισας) possessed an orchard near Serres, which was partly a dowry and partly acquired by the couple. They donated it in 1353 to Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres, which owned mills in the vicinity of the orchard, for exchange of life annuity payed to them by the monastery. He together with judge Božidar and Damjan from Kotor was sent by the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in 1354 to the papal court in Avignon. He participated in the decision of the ecclesiastical court, which was summoned by Iakobos, the Metropolitan of Serres, concerning the metochion Saint Nicholas in Kamenikaia. He signed also the document issued by Iakobos in November 1360 (ὁ δοῦλος τῆς κραταιᾶς καὶ ἁγίας ἡμῶν κυρίας καὶ δεσποίνης Δούκας ὁ Νεστόγγος ὁ μέγας παπίας).
Nikolaos (2)	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos from 1368. The charter is preserved only in a copy produced in 1622/1623 during the Patriarchate of Kyrillos Lukaris. He had two brothers (Georgios and Demetrios). He sold together with his brothers their possession between the villages Bernarus and Esphagmenu near Serres to the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for 879 nomismata. The Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) donated their former possession to the Monastery Simonos Petras on the Holy Mount Athos (Ἐν δέ τοῖς μέρεσι τοῦ στρώμονος, ὑπάρχει μετόχιον ἀναμέσον τῶν δύω συνόρων τοῦτε Σεῤῥῶν καί τῶν Ζυχνῶν, φημί, ἐν ᾧ ὑπάρχει κλῆτος, αὐτό καθ’ αὐτό κεχωρισμένον ἐκ τῶν ἀνέκαθεν καιρῶν ὁ δ’ αὐτός χῶρος ξύμπας, ἐτύγχανε κτῆμα κῦρ Γεωργίου τοῦ στρατηγοῦ μετά τῶν αὐτοῦ αὐταδέλφων Νικολάου, καὶ Δημητρίου, ὑπάρχει δέ μεταξύ τῶν δύω κομῶν τοῦ τε βαρνάρου καὶ ἐσφαγμένου, ἐξωνησάμην δέ καί τό αὐτό κλῆτος, παρά τῶν πρό μικροῦ ἄνωθεν εἰρημένων αὐταδέλφων ἅπαν διά νομισμάτων ὀκτακοσίων ἑβδομήκοντα ἐννέα).
Nobakos	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Probably identical with Novakь Mrasorovikь. In January 1366 ugodni vlastelin Novakь Mrasorovikь addressed the request to the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) and also the Serbian King Vukašin (Demetrios Blukasinos) to approve his donation of the village Koprivljane to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos. Both of them confirmed the endowment of Novakь Mrasorovikь to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos in a separate chrysobull charter. Nobakos is mentioned in the dedicatory inscription found on the western wall of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad from 1368–1369. He appears as πανευτυχέστατος in the dedicatory inscription. He was kaisar. He was married to Kale. He had a son Amirales and a daughter named Maria. He sponsored the renovation and decoration of the Virgin Maryʼs Church in Mali Grad in the year 1368–1369. The dedicatory inscription on the western wall relates about the ktetor Nobakos, who built the church from the ground, which is apparently not true, because Mpoeikos together with Eudokia and her son sponsored already in 1344/1345 the first painted decoration of the church (Άνηγέρθη ἐκ βάθρου καὶ κόπού καὶ μόχθοῦ ὁ θεϊος κὲ πάνσεπτος ναώς ουτος της υπεραγίας δεσπίνης ἡμων Θεοτόκου καὶ ἀνηστορίθην παρὰ του αὐφθέντου αὐτοῦ πὰνευτυχεστάτου κέσαρος Νοβάκου ἠγουμενέβῶντὸς δὲ Ἰωνὰ μοναχοῦ. Αὐφθεντεύβοντος πανυψηλοτάτου κραλήου τοῦ Βεληκασίνου. Άρχαηερατεύωντος δὲ τῆς ἀγιωτάτης ἀρχιεπησκοπῆς τῆς Πρότης Ἰουστινηανης, ετους ͵ςωοζʹ). The family portrait of Nobakos has been preserved on the western external façade. Nobakos is portrayed with a halo.
Olivera	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	Mentioned in the charter from 22 May 1444, which has been preserved in the archives of the island Mljet. She appears as domina in the charter. Her father was Demetrios Blukasinos (Δημήτριος Βλουκασῖνος). Her mother was Lena. She had four brothers (Markos, Andrěašь, Dmitьrь and Ivanišь). She was married to Đurađ I. Balšić (Γεώργιος I.). He left her after the battle at Marica in 1371. Her daughter was Jelisanta. She sponsored the construction of the Church of Saint Maria de Lavrendi near Skadar from her own money and the dowry. The church was decorated by the artists, who were brought by Olivera from the area of the realm of her father (domina Olivera filia regis Volcassini per magistros conductos de regno patris sui et cum denariis suis proprios et de dote sua edificari fecit ecclesiam predictam, et illam dotavit de sua propria dote cum licentia mariti sui, et sibi jus patronatus servavit).
Oliverь (2)	Person	Kefalija/Κεφαλή	He is probaly identical with Oliverъ from Prilep, who was the scribe of the Menaion for July and August, which has been preserved in the collection of manuscripts at the Dečani Monastery (Nr. 32). Mentioned in the fragmentary written entry. The record appears in the Festal Menaion for the Months September-December (Nr. 913), which is kept in the National library of Serbia. He was probably the Kefalija in the region of Pelagonia during the reign of Markos (Marko Kraljević). This hypothesis is based on two other fragmentary preserved written records in the same manuscript (ōt kefalie ōlivera gnь /snь/…mitropolitu pelagoniskamu [ōt] … gospodinu mi kralju Marku).
Oliverь (3)	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the Lesnovski pomenik, a compilation of commemorations from the 16th to 18th century based on older sources. The terminus post quem for the entry regarding the family of the Despot Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) is 1353. He died on 6th September of an unspecified year. This date of memorial service is recorded by a later hand in the Oliver’s menaion from 1342 (Belgrade, National Library, Old collection Nr. 62, fol. 95v: Prěstavi se Ōliverь [despo?]tь ·ѕ· dьnь sektebra měseca, věčna mu pametь). He was the son of of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Dabiživь, Vidoslavь, Rusinь and Danica. He is attested in the Lesnovo pomenik along with his family as a ktitor (Poměni, gospodi, blagočьstivyihь ktitorь našihь vь carstvi si: Olivera děspota, i podružie Mariju, i čeda ihь: Dьnicu, Kraika, Damiana, Vidoslava, Dabiživa, Rusina, Olivera).
Orestes	Person	δοῦλος	The last mention of his name in the sources is from 1366. He appears in the charters as κῦρ or δοῦλος of the Serbian Empress Jelena (Helene) and of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis). He repeatedly judged in a court as καθολικὸς κριτής between 1365 – 1366 in Serres. He held the office of ἐπὶ τοῦ στρατοῦ in Serres (1365 – 1366) and ἐπὶ τοῦ κάστρου in Serres (eventually from 1350 to 1366). He erected the tower at Serres in 1350 at the behest of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (Πύργος Στεφάνου βασιλέως ὅν ἔκτισεν Ὁρέστης Αὐγούστου Δʹ Ινδικτιωνος Γ ΩΝΗ). He participated in the decision over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George (τῶν εὐγενεστάτων καὶ καθολικῶν κριτῶν, τοῦ τε κῦρ Ὀρέστου τοῦ ἐπὶ τοῦ στρατοῦ). He corroborated the document issued by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres, by his own signature in August 1365 (ὁ δοῦλος τῆς κραταιᾶς καὶ ἁγίας ἠμῶν κυρίας καὶ δεσποίνης καθολικὸς κριτής, Ὀρέστης † Ὁ ἘΠΙ ΤΟΥ ΣΤΡΑΤΟΥ). He attended the trial between Hilandar Monastery and Georgios Isaris (τοὺς καθολικοὺς κριτάς, τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ κάστρου κῦριν Ὀρέστην). He together with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Hilandar Monastery and signed the charter issued on this occasion (ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ ἁγίου μου αὐθέντου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου καθολικὸς κριτής, Ὀρέστης † ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ στρατοῦ).
Ozra	Person	Nobleman	She was probably already dead before 1354/1355. She was married to Paskačь and therefore held the title of knegyna. Her son was Vladko. The painted portrait of Ozra is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača next to the image of Paskačь.
Paskačь	Person	κνέζης/Knezь	He was already dead before 1354/1355. He held the title of knezь. He and his son Vladko founded together the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The painted portrait of Paskač is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The fresco displays him with his whole family. The representation of Paskač and his son Vladko, who are hoisting the model of the church to the icon of Saint Nicholas, can be described as an act of the joint ktetorship.
Pediasimos Niketas	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Attested in the sources from 1366 to 1369. The sources refer to him as a κῦρ, δοῦλος and οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis). The sources describe him as θαυμαστός, σοφός, σοφώτατος and φιλαλήθης. He judged in a court as καθολικὸς κριτής in 1366 at Serres. He was an ὄτροκος (enforcement officer). He was a Greek (ἄνδρα Ῥωμαίον). He attended the trial between thr Hilandar Monastery and Georgios Isaris (ἀλλὰ δὴ καὶ τὸν σοφώτατον κυρὸν Νικήταν τὸν Πεδιάσημον). He together with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Hilandar Monastery and signed the charter, which was issued in October 1366 (ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ ἁγίου μου αὐθέντου τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου Νικήτας † ὁ Πεδιάσημος). He was sent by the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) to the Metropolitan of Thessalonica in order to secure the testimonies of competent witnesses in the case of the questionable land, which belonged to the Sarabare Monastery (ἀπέσταλκεν αὕτη τὸν οἰκεῖον τῆ βασιλεία μου κὺρ Νικὴτα τὸν Πεδιάσιμον ὡς φιλαλήθη εἰς τὴν Θεσσαλονίκην). Niketas completed the task and reported to the despot that the land was an eternal property of the Zographu Monastery (Ταῦτα ἐπανελθόντος εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν μου τοῦ οἰκείου ταύτη κὺρ Νικήτα τοῦ Πεδιασίμου καὶ ἀναγγείλαντος ταύτη, διορίζεται ἡ βασιλεία μου διὰ τοῦ παρόντος δικαιωτηρίου αὐτῆς ὁρισμοῦ, χρυσοβούλλου δύναμιν ἔχοντος, ἔχειν τὴν τοῦ Ζωγράφου σεβασμίαν μονὴν πᾶσαν τὴν ἐν τῶ Ἱερισσῶ γῆν). He delivered the horismos, which was issued by the despot in February 1369 on this occasion, to the monks of the Zographou Monastery (καὶ ὁ παρὼν ὁρισμὸς τὴς βασιλείας μου, χρυσοβούλλου δύναμιν ἔχων, ἀποσταλέντος παρὰ ταύτης σὺν αὐτῶ, ὡς ὀτρόκου, τοῦ ῥηθέντος οἰκείου τῆ βασιλεία μου κὺρ Νικήτα τοῦ Πεδιασίμου, ἐφ ὧ παραδοῦναι τὴν ῥεθεῖσαν γῆν τῆς νῦν ἐν Ἱερισσῶ πρὸς τοὺς Ζωγραφίτας).
Pharmakes	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Esphigmenu Monastery from December 1347. He owned one-third of the village Krusobos with the place called Bysina, which was previously in the possession of the Esphigmenu Monastery and taken away from the monks in the course of a cadastral survey. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan returned the properties of Pharmakes to the monks of the Esphigmenu Monastery in December 1347 (μετόχιον τὸ λεγόμενον Κρόσουβον μετὰ πάσης τῆς νομῆς καὶ περιοχῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν ἑτέρων πάντων δικαίων καὶ προνομίων αὐτοῦ, ἤγουν παροίκων, χωραφίων, ἀμπελώνων καὶ τοῦ ὑδρομυλικοῦ ἐργαστηρίου, προαπεσπάσθησαν δὲ δι’ ἀπογραφικῆς καταστάσεως αἱ δύο μερίδες τοῦ τοιούτου χωρίου καὶ ἐδόθησαν ἡ μὲν μία μερὶς τῶ Γαβριηλοπούλω ἐκείνω, ἡ δὲ ἐτέρα τῶ Φαρμάκη μετὰ καὶ τῆς Βυσινᾶς).
Phokopulos, Georgios Batatses	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the sources from April 1346 to May 1352. He appears as κῦρ and οἰκεῖος of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the sources. He was married to Anna Angelina. He was in dispute with the children of the deceased Alexios Diplobatatzes. The family of Diplobatzes was against his endeavour to build a new watermill. He obtained the permission to build another watermill from Michael Abrampakes, the Governor of Serres. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the right of Georgios Batatses Phokopulos to build a second watermill on his property in a prostagma charter from April 1346. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan granted the endowment of Georgios Batatses Phokopulos to the Batopedi Monastery in April 1348. It consisted of vineyards, fields, mills near the side gate at Serres, some houses in Serres and a 500 Modioi large estate at Tholos (ὁμοίως περὶ τὰς Σέρρας οσα ἀφιέρωσεν ὁ Φωκόπουλος γονικὰ αὐτοῦ, ἀμπέλια καὶ χωράφια καὶ μύλωνας τοὺς πλησίον τοῦ παραπορτίου καὶ τὰ ἐντὸς τοῦ κάστρου ὀσπήτια αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῆς νομῆς καὶ περιοχῆς αὐτῶν, καὶ γῆν περὶ τὸν Θολὸν γονικὴν αὐτοῦ μοδίων πεντακοσίων). The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan permitted in May 1352 Georgios Batatses Phokopulos to donate his zeugelateion at Lestiane and Tumba to the Monastery of Saint John Prodromos near Serres.
Photeinos Ioannes	Person	Priest	Identical with Photinos? Mentioned in the charter from June 1355 concerning the sale of a plot of land in Chomnos Stolos near Melnik. He was a Priest and a Hieromnemon of the Holy Metropolitan of Melnik. He attested the authenticity of the charter from June 1355 concerning the sale of a plot of land in Chomnos Stolos near Melnik (ὁ ἱερομνημων τῆς ἁγιωτάτης μητροπόλεως Μελενίκου Ἰωάννης ἱερεὺς ὁ Φοτινός).
Pribilь	Person	Bishop	He lived before 1394, Dragana Pavlović supposes that he lived till 1421. He appears as a kyrь in the inscription above the southern entrance to the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Sveti Spas) in Zrze from the beginning of the 15th century. He was an artist. He was appointed as a Bishop of Pelagonia or Skopje between 1370 and 1388. He was the grandson of Germanь. His father was Hajko. His brother was Prijezda. According to the inscription on the wall above the western entrance in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze from 1368/1369 did Pribil, Prijezda and their mother sponsor 30 perperь for the decoration in the front part of the church. The intented purpose of their donation was the salvation of the Hariton’s soul (Vь lěto: ѕ: tisuštno: io: i sotno i o: i z: popisa se crьkva: spasova: prědne: za: l: perperь: s trudomь: i s otkupomь haikověhь: syinov: pribila i prijezdu: i matere nih: a za: dušu blagoprestavšago se: haritona: a velьčьko ime: haiko: počivšago: o hramu spasově: i i tko pročitaete: recate věčna emu pametь). He and his brother held the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze also during the reign of Blukasinos (Vukašin) and Markos (Marko). After the Otttoman sultan Bayezid brought the region under the control, the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze became desolate. He and his brother therefore handed over the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze to their subject Kmet Konstantin (Minuvši že gospodstvōmь blagočьstivyhь těhь gospodь hristïanьskihь carь Stefana i syna ego carь Uroša prěje gospōdstvo seje zemlьje blagověrnyi kralь Vlьkьšinь i synь jego kralь Marko. Vь dьni že ihь ōbdrьžahu sie svetoe město ōtečьstvo svoe svetopočivši prěōsvešteni mitropolitь kyrь Ïōanь Zōgrafь i bratь ego ïerōmonahь Makarïe Zōgrafь, vnuci svetago ktitōra mōnaha Germana. Po prěšьstviju že i těhь gospodь načetь gospodōvati veliki Amira Pajazitь, i sye sveto město načetь razarati se i ōpustěvati, zanje ne biše jaci tizi ktitōri ōkrьmljati město sie, nь blagosloviše i dadoše siju ōbitělь baštinu svoju, ne po nuždi ili po nevōli, nь svoimь hotěniemь Konstantinu kmetu svomu i njegověmь dětcamь). He together with the Monk Grigorije was the author of the paintings in the Church of Saint Andrew at the Treska river from 1388/1389 (Pomeni gospodi bože raba svoego mnogogrěšnago Iōana mitropolita i Rrigoria monaha pisavšihь zde). Several artworks are attributed to the artist and Metropolitan Iōanь and his workshop. He painted in 1393/1394 his last known icon „Christ as Saviour and Giver of Life“ for the iconostasis in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze.
Prijezda	Person	hieromonk/Priestmonk	He lived before 1421/1422. He appears as kyrь in the inscription on the icon of the Holy Mother of God Pelagonitissa from 1421/1422 in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze. He worked as an artist. He was a priestmonk. He was the grandson of Germanь. His father was Hajko. His brother was Pribilь. According to the inscription on the wall above the western entrance in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze from 1368/1369 did Pribil, Prijezda and their mother sponsor 30 perperь for the decoration in the front part of the church. The intented purpose of their donation was the salvation of the Hariton’s soul (Vь lěto: ѕ: tisuštno: io: i sotno i o: i z: popisa se crьkva: spasova: prědne: za: l: perperь: s trudomь: i s otkupomь haikověhь: syinov: pribila i prijezdu: i matere nih: a za: dušu blagoprestavšago se: haritona: a velьčьko ime: haiko: počivšago: o hramu spasově: i i tko pročitaete: recate věčna emu pametь). He and his brother held the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze also during the reign of Blukasinos (Vukašin) and Markos (Marko). After the Otttoman sultan Bayezid brought the region under the control, the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze became desolate. He and his brother therefore handed over the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze to their subject Kmet Konstantin (Minuvši že gospodstvōmь blagočьstivyhь těhь gospodь hristïanьskihь carь Stefana i syna ego carь Uroša prěje gospōdstvo seje zemlьje blagověrnyi kralь Vlьkьšinь i synь jego kralь Marko. Vь dьni že ihь ōbdrьžahu sie svetoe město ōtečьstvo svoe svetopočivši prěōsvešteni mitropolitь kyrь Ïōanь Zōgrafь i bratь ego ïerōmonahь Makarïe Zōgrafь, vnuci svetago ktitōra mōnaha Germana. Po prěšьstviju že i těhь gospodь načetь gospodōvati veliki Amira Pajazitь, i sye sveto město načetь razarati se i ōpustěvati, zanje ne biše jaci tizi ktitōri ōkrьmljati město sie, nь blagosloviše i dadoše siju ōbitělь baštinu svoju, ne po nuždi ili po nevōli, nь svoimь hotěniemь Konstantinu kmetu svomu i njegověmь dětcamь). He finished in 1405/1406 the fresco decoration for the Princess Milica in the Monastery of the Holy Virgin in Ljubostinja. His last known work was the icon of the Holy Mother of God Pelagonitissa from 1421/1422 in the Monastery of the Holy Transfiguration of Christ (Holy Saviour/Sveti Spas) in Zrze (pomeni gi ïerōmonaha kyrь Makarïa zōgrafa).
Radochnas Nikolaos	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Died on 3th December 1399. He appears as κῦρ in the sources. He was the Monk of the Hilandar Monastery (I vьz’ljubi žiti vь domu Svetyje Bogorodice Hilan’dar’skye, eže jestь novaa lavra). He was later Monk of the Saint Paul Monastery on Mount Athos. He was the eldest son of Prankos Mladenes. He had two brothers (Vuk Branković [Bulkos], Grьgurь) and a sister (Theodora). His wife, Helena (Elene), was the sister of Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis). She and their two daughters died between 1358 and 1364 (Ἐκοιμήθη ἡ περιπόθητος αὐταδέλφη τοῦ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου κῦρ Ἰωάννου τοῦ Οὔγκλεση κυρὰ Ἐλένη, ἡ ὁμόζυγου τοῦ εὐγενεστάτου κῦρ Νικολάου τοῦ Ραδόχνα. Συνετάφησαν δὲ ταύτῃ καὶ αἱ φίλτατοι αὐτῆς δύο θυγατέρες). He founded the chapel dedicated to Saint Nicholas between 1358 and 1364, which was situated on the upper floor of the Katholikon of the Saint John Prodromos Monastery near Serres. He donated the patrimonial church of Saint Archangel with three villages Trstenik, Bežanići, Tušilo and the selište Hudine, which was granted by the Serbian Emperor to his father Branko, to the Hilandar Monastery. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V confirmed the endowment of Radonja/Roman (Nikolaos Radochnas) on 11th March 1365 in a chrysobull charter (I kako prihodi kь carьstvu mi v’sečьstni starьcь Svetije Gori Athona, Romanь, synь sěvastokratora Bran’ka, i uspomenu carьstvu mi kako se jestь zgovorilь svoimь bratōmь Grьguromь i Vlьkōmь, i kako da prilože ōdь svoje baštine crьkvi svetoi Bogorodici hilandarskoi, i za uspomenutije v’sčьsthenoga star’ca Romana svoōm bratiōmь darova mu carьstvo mi crьkovь baštinu a svetago arьhangela s trьmi seli: s Trьstěnikomь i z Běžaniki i s Tušilōmь i selištemь, što jestь dalo bilo carьstvo mi sěvastokratoru Bran’ku s Hudinami ō česa jestь žitěje u Bugare poběglь, a pod crьkovь svetu Bogorodicu hilandar’sku). His brothers gave him the permission to donate the patrimonial church of Saint Archangel with three villages Trstenik, Bežanići, Tušilo and the selište Hudine to the Hilandar Monastery (Togda myi za egovo slad’ko bratoljubïe vьsesrьdьčno i ljubovno prijesmo za egovo hotěnïe i za pomoljenïe bratьsko i priložismo crьkvь svetago Arhaggela i sь selomь Trьstenikomь i sь vsakomь pravinomь crьkve tezi i sela toga i s měgjami sь ōttěsy i s Tušiljemь. I selište Hudin’ce sь megjami i sь vsěmь oprav’danïem ihь prosto rekь sь vsěmь oprav’danïemь što e bylь gospodinь i roditelь našь sevastokratorь priložilь crьkvy toizi. I ešte velikuju ego vьspomenuv’še bratoljubnuju i vsesrьdьčnuju ljubovь. Paky i za egovo umoljennïe priložismo gospodinu i otьcu našemu Rōmanu selo Bežanikje sь vsěmi megjami sela togo). He together with Antonije Bagaš (Antonios Pagases) bought probably before 1366 a ruined monastery complex on Mount Athos dedicated to Saint Paul. The Monastery of Xeropotamu allowed them to restore and found it. The monks of the Xeropotamu Monastery demanded after a few years their former property back. Matthaios, the patriarch of Constantinople, tried to reconcile both monasteries in dispute by issuing a sigillion. The sigillion of Matthaios from October 1403 mentions also Gerasim (Gerasimos) as one of the founders of the Saint Paul Monastery. He was a benefactor of the Kutlumus Monastery on the Mount Athos since 1370. He was in the group of the monks from the Hilandar Monastery, which came to the court of Stefan Lazarević between 1392 and 1396 (I kako prïhōdi kь mně izь Hilandara čьstiěiši vь inōkōhь starьcь kyrь Gjerasimь). The monks requested the donation of the Church of the Presentation of Mary at Ibar, which was a former patrimonial possession of Obrad Dragosaljić, to the Hilandar Monastery. He transferred the body of his deceased brother Vuk Branković [Bulkos] on Mount Athos in 1397.
Radoslavь (3)	Person	ŽupanComesComitatus	The identification with Radoslabos Chlapenos (Radoslav Hlapen) is doubtful. Mihailo Dinić identified Radoslav with „Rado(a)sclavus filius de jupan Vratisclavo“, who is attested in the Ragusan archives under the year 1319. Some scholars supposed that he was the same person as „iupan Rodosclauo“, who appears in the charter of Vladislav, the son of the former Serbian King Dragutin, adressed to Ragusan authorities from the 25th October 1323. He is mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in favour of the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren. Attested also in the ktitorial inscription and the wall painting in the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin in Kučevište. The wall paintings in Kučevište can be dated between 1331 and 1334. He held the position of župan. Apparently the son of Marena. He figures in the inscription of the founders of the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin in Kučevište. His portrait has been preserved only in fragments on the northern wall of the narthex in the same church. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš III Dečanski donated the village Klьčevišta (Kučevište) to Župan Radoslavь. Župan Radoslavь bestowed the village of Klьčevišta and its church of the Mother of God together with the hamlet Brodcь, vineyards, fruits, bought estates and all rights to the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the gift of Župan Radoslav in the chrysobull charter for the monastery (I ješte priloži carьstvo mi crьkvi carьstva mi Arhaggelu sь hotěnijemь ljubimago vlastelina carьstvu mi Radoslava župana, selo Klьčevišta, sь crьkoviju Svetyje Bogorodice, i sь zaselkomь Brod᾿cemь, s vinogrady, sь ōvoštijemь, i s kupljenicami, i sь vsěmi pravinami, kako piše u hrisovulě Klьčevišt᾿komь što jestь zapisalь roditelь carьstva mi gospodinь kral).
Radovanь	Person	gospodinь	Mentioned in the inscription for Voihna from 1362/1374 and in the colophone of the manuscript of Lětovnik from 1386, which is now in the Synodal library manuscript collection (Nr. 148) in the State Historical Museum. He appers as a blagočьštivь i hristoljubivь gospodinь in the colophone. Voihna worked for him as a courtier before 1362/1374 († a se ležitь rabь boži Voihna dvoraninь Radovanovь mladь prěstavi se k.e. dьnь i bogь da prosti). He was the sponsor of the slavic version of the chronicle of Georgios Monachos (the so-called Lětovnikь). He commisioned in 1386 Rōmanь and Vasïlь, the scribes and monks from the Hilandar Monastery, to copy the manuscript. Rōmanь and Vasïlь wrote a colophone, where they anticipate Radovanь enjoying the lecture of the book in his house (I ispisa se sija kniga, lětopisьcь, vь Svetěi Gōrě, vь ōbytěli svetyje i carьskyje i čьstnije lavry prěsvetije bogorodice Hilandara blagočьštivomu i hristoljubivomu gospodinu Radovanu, ponježe vьshotě iměti siju knigu vь domu svojemь, i naslaždati se pročitanijem ōt njeje minuvšïih drevnïih car ōt Adama daže do potopa, i ōt potopa do Hrista, po Hristě blagočьstivyih carь i svetyih i duhovnosnïih mužïi daaže do carьstva Konstantina Irïnina syna. I togda igumьnьstvujuštu vь tomžde monastyri Hïlandari mitropolitu carьskago grada sěra kyr Savě, i pri njem ispisa se povelěnijem i potьštanijemь jaže ō njei ljubve radi gospodina Radovana čьstnomu starcu kyr Ïōasafu rukama mnogogrěšnih i směrennyhь taha monahь Rōmana i Vasïlïa).
Raděnko	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in favour of the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren from 1347/1348. His mother is attested in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in favour of the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren (i sь htěnijemь matere Radeikove). He realised the will of his mother and donated the Church of the Holy Archangels in Veles with people, mills, vineyards and all rights to the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan confirmed the gift of Raděnko in the charter for the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren (I priloži Raděnko sь htěnijemь i sь milostiju carьstva mi, i sь htěnijemь matere Radeikove, crьkvь u Velesu Arhaggela s ljudmi i s mlini i s vinogradi, i sь vsěmi pravinami crьkve te).
Raiko	Person	οἰκεῖος	Maybe identical with the nephew of Momčilo, who was let in to the town of Peritheorion with 50 soldiers by its inhabitants in 1345. Mentioned in the prostagma charter of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, which was issued between September and December 1345. He appears as οἰκεῖος of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in the prostagma charter. He held the position of kephale (governor) of Trilision and Brontu, 1345. Rajko was asked by the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to not collect the toll from the 25 nomismata intented for Kyprianos, the Bishop of Pheremai. Rajko should also bring the prostagma, which was issued on this occasion between September and December 1345, to Kyprianos.
Rusinь (2)	Person	ProtopopeProtopopь	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a protopope. His sister was Tiha. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь). His sister Tiha with her son donated 12 vretenь of arable land above the town Štip in the place called Stražište to the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip (I Tiha, protopopa Rusina sestra synomь si Mihomь po svomu hotěniju a ne po silě priložiše Spasu nivu više grada na Stražištu megju oba puta do puta velikago koi grede od grada i do puta maloga koi grede otь Idiohoria i do mogile koja je megju oba puta na zglaviju i do Grьbasovehь do samogo dola, vse što se nahodi tu nihь, ·vi· vretenь).
Rusinь (3)	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš for the Hilandar Monastery from 15th August 1381. He was the son of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Dabiživь, Vidoslavь, Oliverь and Danica. According to the charter of the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš for the Hilandar Monastery from 15th August 1381 Maria Liberissa expressed short before her death the will that the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo should devolve after her death on the Hilandar Monastery. Her sons Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko) and Rusinь confirmed that their mother wanted to donate the Monastery of Saint Archangel Michael and Holy Father Gabriel in Lěsnovo to the Hilandar Monastery (I kako je i despotica Ōlivera despota na sьmrьti rekla i sь synōma svoima Kraikōmь i Rusinomь da je paki tai crьkvь Hilandaru). He is attested in the Lesnovski pomenik along with his family as a ktitor (Poměni, gospodi, blagočьstivyihь ktitorь našihь vь carstvi si: Olivera děspota, i podružie Mariju, i čeda ihь: Dьnicu, Kraika, Damiana, Vidoslava, Dabiživa, Rusina, Olivera).
Schules Michael	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the decision of the court summoned by Sabas, the Metropolitan of Serres, from August 1365. He appears as κῦρ in the charter. He was a member of the senate of Serres. He participated in the decision over a plot of land in the village Zetinon (Zintzu) and a Church of Saint George. He with other members of the court ruled in favor of the Esphigmenu Monastery against the Kastamonitu Monastery (καὶ ἑτέρων τῶν τῆς συγκλήτου, ..., καὶ κῦρ Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Σχουλῆ).
Stajo	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Identical with Staniša 2? Mentioned in the inscription next to the portrait of a child on the west wall of the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. The depiction is part of the ktitorial composition. The wall painting of Stajo can be dated around 1360. His parents were Despot Dejanь? and Doja. His brother was Vitomirь. He was a member of a family, which sponsored the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. He is depicted as a child. His portrait is on the west wall of the naos. The wording of the inscription can be interpreted as follows (molba raba božija staja).
Staniša (2)	Person	vlasteličićВластеличик	Identical with Stajo? Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V for Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik from May 1356. He appears as vlasteličik carьstva mi in the charter. He together with Vitomirь bought the vineyards of Luv’ro and Turkar(ev). They donated these vineyards to Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V confirmed the gift of Vitomirь and Staniša in a chrysobull charter for Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik in May 1356 (I ōšte se carьstvo mi zьgovori z gospoždomь caricomь materiju carьstva mi i pridados’mo selo Smilovo sь vsьmi pravinami i s megjami i sь zasel’ci kako su drьžali vlasteličiki carьstva mi v’se čisto. I ošte mu zapisa carьstvo mi vinograd Turkarevь i Luv’rov što mu su darovali vlasteličiki carьstva mi Vitomirь i Staniša).
Stanjevikь Nikola	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Identical with the nobleman Nikola, who is mentioned in the inscription above the southern entrance of the Church of the Holy Virgin in Drenovo? He was the petitioner of the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V concerning the donation of the Church of Saint Stephen in Konče with all its possessions to the Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos from the 9th May 1366. He appears as "mnogovьzljublenni vlastelinь i brat carьstva mi" in the charter. He was the grand duke (veliki vojevoda). He became a land near the village Konče probably after 1346 from the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. He erected the Church of Saint Stephen in the village of Konče (priloži i da mu potpiše carьstvo mi materi Bōžijei hilandarьskōi crьkьvь u Kon’či Svetago Stěfana što si jestь sьzidalь svoimь trudōm i ōtkupumь u svojei baštině zapisanoi, što mu jestь zapisalь i utvrьdilь roditelь carьstva mi, u baštinu do věki, svetopočivьši carь). The marble tomb slab, which was kept in the narthex of the Church of Saint Stephen in Konče, bore an inscription mentioning him as the grand duke and founder of the church († Nikola Stanevikь veliki voevoda ktitor). He donated people, vine stocks, fields and fruit trees (dade gospodinь vojevoda podь svetoga Stefana svetogorcemь: ljudi, lozija, nivija, vokija) to the Church of Saint Stephen in the village of Konče. On 9th May 1366 the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V carried out the desire of the grand duke Nikola Stanjević and donated the Church of Saint Stephen in Konče, several villages in the surrounding of the village Konče and other possessions to the Hilandar Monastery (I tuzi crьkьvь prilaga i potpisuje carьstvo mi materi Božijei halandarskōi, vь pomenь brata carьstva mi vojevode Nikole i vsěmi seli crьkve Svetago Stěfana...i sela ina koja se nahode u meteseh kōnčkihь, mala, golěma kude jestь posadilь vojevoda ōtroke svoje. I sijazi sela više pisanna Svetago Stefana da si ima i drži božьstvnnaja crьkьvi mati Božija Hilandarska s ljudmi, s vinogradi, s planinami, s vodeničijem, sь je livadijemь i prosto rekše sь vsěmi megjami i pravinami i sь vsěmь periōrōm selь tehь). His possessions near the village Konče, Lubnica and Trěskavec are mentioned in the land-inventory of the church of Saint Stephen in the village of Konče, which was created after the church became a possession of the Hilandar Monastery. He owned two so-called stlps (vojevodinь stlьpь podь Vodeni Dolь; i podь Ōhrьčevemi kukami stlьpь vojevodinь koi Ōhrьčь drьži i Luka podь vojevodinu vodenicu i stlьpь koi drži Ōhrьčь i Dragina livade), a field (niva vojevodina na brode Prьševьskomь), a mill (trěbežь ōtroka Novakova konь mlina vojevodina), a watermill (vojevodina vodenica) and a vineyard (niva Dodejeva nadь lozijemь vojevodinemь). He donated an illuminated gospel manuscript (Hilandar Nr. 14) written by the monk Theōktistь to the Hilandar Monastery (Azь rabь Hristovь Stanjevikь velikyi voevoda Nikola priložihь sii světii i božьstvьnii tetravan’gelь prěčistoi Bogorodici hilan’darьskoi i molju jegože izvoli Bogь igumena i vsu bratiju vь domu svetije Bogorodice hilan’darьskyje ili gos’podьstvujušta srьbskoju zem’ljeju sije směreno trudoljubije ne ōtneti ōt domu Bogorodice hilan’darьskyje).
Stanko (6)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Stefanь (1)	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the inscription accompanying his painted portrait in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The portrait of Stefan was painted probably between 1365 and 1371. He was the son of sevastokratorь Vladko (synь sevastokratora Vlatka). The painted portrait of a young adult Stefanь is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača next to Vladislava.
Theodora (5)	Person	κυράKiraDominaGospogja	She died after October 1402. The sources refer to her as domina, gospogja. She was the daughter of Dejanь (Dragaš) and Theodora-Jevdokija. Her siblings were Ioannes Dragases (Jovan Dragaš) and Konstantinos Dragases (Konstantin Dragaš). Her first husband was Žarko, the nobleman, who ruled over Zeta (Sarcus, baro domini regis Raxie, qui dominator in partibus Çente et Lodrini et illius Maritime) and threatened the town and market of Saint Sergius on the left bank of the river Bojana (A za Žarka, što vi jestь uzelь ně znalo carьstvo mi ni mi ste kazali da pošlěte mi dobre ljudi da pozovu Žarka prědь carьstvo mi da vi ga da carьstvo mi, da vi plati vse samosedmo. I tamo smь poslalь vlasteličikja carьstva mi Vlьkšu u Sveti Srьgь da stoi i da vi čuva i bljude ōd vsake zabave i ōt Žarka ōd vsega i š nimь da ste pozvali Žarka prědь carьstvo mi). From the marriage with Žarko she had the son Mrkša Žarković (Merchxa Xarchouich, Μύρξας, Μῆρξος, Μίρτζας, Μέρξας) and probably a daughter, who was married (offere brigantinum nostrum armatum Merchxe expensis nostris communis pro mittendo sororem suam ad maritum). The later historian from Dubrovnik Mauro Orbini narrates the story about the battle between Lazar Hrebeljanović and Nikola Altomanović in 1372, in which also Žarko, who was fighting on the side of Lazar, lost his life. Her second husband was Đurađ I Balšić. She bore him a son (Konstantin) and three daughters (Goislava, who became the wife of the nobleman from Hum Radić Sanković, Jevdokija [Εὐδοκία] who married the Despot of Epiros Esaù de Buondelmonti and Jelena Balšić). Orbini, who was well informed about her first marriage with Žarko and also the second marriage with Đurađ I Balšić, describes her as wise and beautiful (Teodora, che fù moglie di Zarco Meressich, & sorella di Dragas, & Constantino, figliuoli di Deano, donna saggia, e bella). On the 15th February 1379 she was already a widow (Balša i gospogja Thōdora, žjena brata mōga). In 1395 she was probably in Dagno near Skadar (Skutari), where she resided at the court of her son Konstantin and often took the place of Konstantin in the correspondence with the Ragusan Republic. Theodora dwelt two months in Ragusa with her son Mrkša and his wife, where they received the honorary citizenship. She then returned back to Valona on 2nd October 1397 on a Ragusan ship with the gift of 100 perpers from the Ragusans (Merxcha et domina Theodora, similiter domina uxor dicti Merchxe et domina...eius socrus). After her son Konstantin was executed in 1402, she was sent with Jelena, the widow of Konstantin, to Venice, where they lived in conditions of extreme poverty.
Theophylaktos Ioannes	Person	ἄρχων	Mentioned in the Chronicle of Ioannina under the year 1379. He appears as ἔντιμος in the chronicle. He was an ἄρχων in Kastoria, 1379. He probably worked as an author (?). He came along with Chontetzes in 1379 to request Toma Preljubović (Θωμᾶς Πρέλουμπος) to take in possession the town of Serbia. Toma Preljubović imprisoned him in order to demand ransom for him (Τὸν αὐτὸν ἤδη χρόνον, Κυριακῇ πρὸ τῆς Χριστοῦ γεννήσεως, προσῆλθον αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τὰ μέρη τῆς Καστορίας τῶν ἐντίμων ἀρχόντων ὁ θεωρίᾳ καὶ πράξει χαριτώνυμος Θεοφύλακτος, καὶ μετ’ αὐτοῦ ὁ Χοντέτζης λεγόμενος· έζήτουν δὲ αὐτὸν αὐθέντην καὶ ἡγεμόνα τοῦ κάστρου Σερβίων. Αὐτὸς δέ, κυριευόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς φιλαργυρίας, ἐν τῇ φρουρᾷ αὐτοὺς). Ioannes Theophylaktos is likely an author of a canon on the Saint Arsenios from Kerkyra.
Todorь (3)	Person	κῦρ/Kirь	Mentioned in the the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, which confirmed the foundation of the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin Mary by the Sebastokrator Dejan in the village of Arhiljevica and its landed property. The original charter has not come upon us and its content is preserved only in two later transcripts. The older one (Hil. 36) is probably an authentic transcript, but its dating is questionable, because it contradicts historical circumstances known from other reliable sources. Therefore, the date, when the lost orginal was issued, can only be approximated to the years 1354 or 1355. Hil. 150/152 differs from its predecessor in the dispositional section, containing two previously unmentioned villages which do not appear even in the Dragaš charter from 1378/1379. It was made in the 15th century or later with the intent of obtaining or confirming the enlargement of Hilandar's Arhiljevica metochion. He appears as a kirь in the source. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan confirmed in the year 1354 or 1355 the Sebastokrator’s Dejan’s donation of several possessions to the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin Mary in the village of Arhiljevica. In the boundary description of the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin Mary in the village of Arhiljevica the catafalque of Todorь is mentioned (A vo mege crьkvi matere Božijei Arьhilevьskoi. Ōtь krьsta putemь koi grede ōdь Podolěšanь u Stlьpčani, tere ōdь Stlьbičnogo děla, tere nis potōkь koi spada u Bělovodički potokь, tere nis potōkь bělovodički gde ishodi dolь na Klepala, tere prěhodi nadь jazь Parculeve voděnice, tere na Dobrišorь do mege Rugikě, tere uzь rěke Stlьpьčku, uzь dolь veli desni, tere na gradině děl u goru prěko više Matěja u Črьni Vrьhь, a ōdь Črьnoga Vrьha upravь na Kobilu, ōdь Kobile na Vodičnikь upravь. I ōdь Planinice putemь na Jablьčno, tere na kirь Todorovь ōdrь).
Todorь (5)	Person	Priest	Mentioned in the charter from 26th March 1388, in which the Serbian Despot Konstantin Dragaš confirmed the endowment of the Duke Dmitrь for the Church of Ascension in the town of Štip. He was a priest. He was among the 15 witnesses, who authenticated the transaction between Momčilo Kasteljanovikь and the Duke Dmitrь (I ošte kupi voevoda Dmitrь nivu na onoi straně prěmo Spasu, odь Momčila Kasteljanovikja za ·d· perpere venetike sь eksodomь, i megja nivě toi do Radulina i do Gorga Kalugerovikja, i dolu do samoga dola, i takoi kupi po hotěniju nihь a ne po silě, da si drьži crьkovь Spasь svobodno kako vsako pravo kupljenno i baštin’no, jako da ne meteha Momčilo ni njegovь koi ljubo rodimь. Tko li se takovyi nagje otь togai rodstva i poište vyše pisanoje, da plati vladuštomu ·p· perperь veneticěhь. A tomui svědoci: protopopa Rusinь, popь Ivanko, popь Kiro, popь Gusto, popь Stanko, popь Dragoslavь, popь Todorь, popь Bogoslavь, Miloradь Repošь, čel’nike Stanislava synь, Koo knezь, i Moiša i Juranikь, Piuleo, i Ivanь Barbaei i Dragikь Momenikь).
Tolisthlabos	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned for the year 1350 by the Byzantine historian Ioannes Kantakuzenos. He was a commander of the Serbian military troops and governor of towns. He defected in 1350 along with Radoslabos Chlapenos from the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan to the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes Kantakuzenos (ἧκον δὲ καὶ αὐτόμολοι δύο ἐξ αὐτῶν· ὧν ἅτερος τῶν μάλιστα ἦν ἐπιφανῶν, κατὰ γένος προσήκων Κράλῃ, Χλάπαινος ὠνομασμένος, στρατιάν τε ἔχων ὑφ’ ἑαυτὸν οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητον καὶ πολλὴν περιουσίαν· ὁ λοιπὸς δὲ οὐ τῶν πάνυ περιδόξων ἦν, πλὴν κἀκεῖνος ἀρχάς τε πόλεων ἐγκεχειρισμένος καὶ στρατοπέδων ἡγεμονίας, ὄνομα Τολίσθλαβος).
Tornikes Demetrios	Person	δοῦλος	Probably identical with the unnamed pinkernes, against who the secret organisation was plotting. Seems to be the same person as Pinkernes Tornikes, who appears in the charter of property confirmation issued by Paulos, the Metropolitan of Zichna, and the ecclessiastical court for the Hilandar Monastery in the case of the watermill at Chantax from November 1378. Mentioned in the donation deed of Pinkernissa Anna Tornikina for the Pantokrator Monastery on the Holy Mount Athos from August 1358. He is attested as δοῦλος of the Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos. He held the position of Pinkernes in 1358. Married to Anna Tornikina. His offsprings were Ioannes Kantakuzenos, Andronikos Tornikes, Maria Tornikina and Eirene Tornikina. He signed the donation deed of his wife for the Pantokrator Monastery on the Holy Mount Athos from August 1358. He resided at that time probably in Constantinople.
Tornikina Anna	Person	Nobleman	Issuer of the donation deed for the Pantokrator Monastery on the Holy Mount Athos from August 1358. She was married to the Pinkernes Demetrios Tornikes and therefore held the title of Pinkernissa. She was probably the daughter of Parakoimomenos Andronikos Kantakuzenos. Her offsprings were Ioannes Kantakuzenos, Andronikos Tornikes, Maria Tornikina and Eirene Tornikina. She owned a domain at Beltzista in the region of Zabaltia. She became the domain as a dowry from her father. This property was in 1358 in the hands of the Serbs. She promised a half of her possession to the Pantokrator Monastery in August 1358, because their founders, Megas Stratopedarches Alexios and Megas Primikerios Ioannes, were succesfull in reconquering the land from the Serbs in the area between Christupolis and the mouth of the Strymon. Anna Tornikina expected that they could also recover her domain.
Treatzos	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the charter of Philotheos Kokkinos, the Patriarch of Constantinople, for the monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik from May 1371. He donated a vineyard in Malesta to the monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik (ἀμπέλιον, ὅπερ ἔδωκεν ὁ Τρεάτζος τῷ μονυδρίῳ περὶ τὸν τόπον εὑρισκόμενον τὸν καλούμενον Μάλεσταν).
Unklesis Ioannes	Person	despot/Δεσπότης	He died on 29th June 1371 during the battle against the Ottomans at Černomen/Marica. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V bestowed on 9th August 1365 the title of Despot upon him. Ioannes Unklesis enlarged the Simonos Petra-Monydrion and made from it the Simonos Petra-Monastery on the Mount Athos out of gratitude for being awarded with the title. He endowed it with many lands. Ioannes Unklesis issued between 9th August 1365 and October 1368 a chrysobull charter regarding his ktitorial activity in the Simonos Petra-Monastery on Mount Athos, which has been preserved only in the transcription of Kyrillos Lukaris, the Patriarch of Constantinople, from 1622/1623. He designates himself as δεσπότης καὶ αὐτοκράτωρ πάσης Σερβίας καὶ Ῥωμανίας in this charter. He signed the charter in favour of the Zographu-Monastery on the Mount Athos in February 1369 as Ἰωάννης ἐν Χριστῶ τῷ Θεῷ πιστὸς δεσπότης καὶ αὐτοκράτωρ, ὁ Οὔγκλεσης. He designated his reign since March 1368 as βασιλεία. He retained this self-designation till 1371. This self-designation appears in the Slavic documents in the form „carstvo“. He was the groom (ἱπποκόμος) of the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan. Ioannes Unklesis, who held the position of grand duke, confirmed in 1358 an endowment of his mother-in-law, the wife of Boichnas, for the Kutlumus Monastery (ὅπερ ἐπροσίλοσεν ἡ ἁγία μου κυρία ἡ Κεσάρισα πρὸς αὐτὴν τὴν μονὴν ἐν τι τοποθεσία τὴ ἐπικεκλημένι ἡ Προυνέα χάριν ψυχηκὴς δωρεὰς αὐτῆς ζευγαρίων τεσσάρον... ἐγὼ Οὔγλεσις μέγας βοεβόδας ἀπὸ τὴς αὐτοῦ ἐλεημοσίνης τοὺ αὐθέντου ἡμῶν τοὺ πανευτυχεστάτου δεσπότου καὶ τοὺ ἀδελφοὺ αὐτοὺ τοὺ [...τ...]ου μου στέργο καὶ βεβεῶ τὰ τιαύτα χωράφια εἰς τὴν Προυνέαν γὴν ζευγαρίων τεσάρον ὅπος νέμωσην οἱ τιαύτοι μοναχοὶ τὴς θείας βασιλεικῆς μονῆς τοὺ Κουτλουμούσι ἀκολείτος). He signed the document as velik vōevoda. His father was Margnaua (Orbini)/ Margna (Luccari), who was a poor nobleman from Livno in Hum. Ioannes Unklesis was the cousin (ἀνεψιός) of Helene, the Serbian Empress. His brother was Demetrios Blukasinos and his sister was Helene. The husband of his sister was Nikolaos Radochnas (Νικόλαος ῾Ραδόχνας, Nikola Radonja). He was married to Euphemia. Ioannes Unklesis was the son-in-law of Boichnas (Voihna). He was the father of Uglješa, who died as a child. The Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan took his father and the whole family to the court. The senate of the Ragusan republic (Consilium rogatorum) granted the payment of 50 ducats to Ioannes Unklesis on 22th July 1346 (In consilio rogatorum, in quo interfuerunt 34 consiliarii, captum fuit per omnes, nemine discortante, quod Ugiesse barono huius contrate noviter misso a domino imperatore, pro confirmanda et captanda benivolentia cum ipso ei ut habeat causam bene vivendi cum terra, de avere comunis detur et donetur eidem usque florenos seu ducatos L, prout videbitur d. comiti et suo minori consilio). Ioannes Unklesis governed independently in the are of Serres, Christupolis (Kavala), Philippoi, Drama and Zichnai. He had a good connection to the monks in Mount Athos and acknowledged Sabas, the Protos at the Mount Athos, in 1369 as his spiritual father. The Batopedi Monastery on the Mount Athos obtained at the beginning of the year 1365 from Ioannes Unklesis the Monastery of Theotokos Spelaiotissa in the vicinity of the town Melnik with vineyards and gardens, the village Tzukarades, land near the gate of the Lower Town of Melnik, twelwe subjects within the fortress of Melnik, the village Katunitza, the monydrion Hagios Georgios Aliseres, the village Hagia Kyriake, the village Dempreane, the village Mpusdobos, four mills within the fortress of Melnik, two mills in Katunitza, and other lands in the vicinity of the town Melnik. The Byzantine Emperor Ioannes V Palaiologos issued in September 1365 a chrysobull charter at the request of the Despot Ioannes Unklesis, in which he donated estates in the vicinity of Serres and Kalamaria to the Hilandar Monastery (Ἐπεὶ ὁ περιπόθητος ἀνεψιὸς τῆς ὑψηλοτάτης δεσποίνης Σερβίας καὶ περιποθήτου ἀδελφῆς τῆς βασιλείας μου, εὐτυχέστατος δεσπότης τῆς Σερβίας κῦρ Ἰωάννης ὁ Οὔγκλεσις, ἐζήτησε καὶ παρεκάλεσε τὴν βασιλείαν μου ἵνα γένηται χρυσόβουλλον τοῖς μοναχοῖς τῆς κατὰ τὸ ἅγιον ὄρος τοῦ Ἄθω διακειμένης σεβασμίας μονῆς, τῆς εἰς ὄνομα τιμωμένης τῆς πανυπεράγνου δεσποίνης καὶ θεομήτορος καὶ ἐπικεκλημένης τοῦ Χελανταρίου, καὶ κατέχωσι καὶ εἰς τοεξῆς τὸ περὶ τὰς Σέρρας χωρίον, τὸ καλούμενον τοῦ Ποθολινοῦ, ἔτι τε τὸ ἐν τῇ Καλαμαρίᾳ ἕτερον χωρίον τὸ καλούμενον Λιγνὸν μετὰ τῆς σκάλλας αὐτοῦ). In January 1366 ugodni vlastelin Novakь Mrasorovikь addressed the request to the Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis and also to the Serbian King Demetrios Blukasinos to approve his donation of the village Koprivljane to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos. Both of them confirmed the endowment of Novakь Mrasorovikь to the Monastery Hagios Panteleemon on the Holy Mount Athos in a separate chrysobull charter (Sьdrьžeštu mi sia vsa blagověrьnōmu i Bogomь postavlěnnōmu despotu Iōanu Ugleši despotьstvujuštu; blagōvěrьnyi despotь Iōannь Uglešь). The Despot Ioannes Unklesis sponsored the hospital at the Batopedi Monastery and the Esphigmenu Monastery as well. He erected the monydrion of Saint Nicholas at Karyes. He was the ktitor of the small church of Saint Anargyroi at the Batopedi Monastery, where he is portrayed as a patron. The Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis confirmed the donation of Kaisar Boichnas (Voihna) for the monk and spiritual father Daniil. He approved all privileges concerning the Church of the Saint Archangels Michael and Gabriel above Gabrovo for him (Kako pride kь carьstvu mi čьstni starьcь duhovьnikь kyrь Daniil…Mihaila i Gabrila više Gabrova, i prinese mi zapisanie gospodina….roditelě mi kesara, i viděhь pročtohь čto jestь zapisalь i….kesarь Voihna, i ini hristoljubivi crьkvi onoizi ljud…..zemle: bystь hotěnije carьstvu mi kudě godě mu se što nahodi……hru….ljud…..vinogradь, perivolja, ili i mlinь, ima hotěnije carьstvo mi kako da je……vь věkomь, i da jestь pace svobodna, nikiimь nepotьknovlenno….). Ioannes Unklesis donated in April 1369 the village Neōhorь on the plain of Mavrovo with all boundaries and rights to the Monastery of Kutlumus. The monastery obtained all estates, which were in possession of Theōdorь Ōduevikь. The community of monks on the Mount Athos received also pronoia helders with people, land parcels and fruit trees, which were in some way dependent upon Kalabaris (Kalavar) (selo u poli Mavrovьskom imenem Neōhorь sь vsemi megami i s pravinami sela togai, sь vsemь što e drьžalь Theōdorь Ōduevikь pri carstvě mi, i pri Kalavari proniari što su drьžali ili ljudi ili vokie sь vsem periorom sela). At the instance of the monk Theodosios and his confreres from the Monastery Batopedi Ioannes Unklesis pledged to grant in November 1369 120 hyperpyra per annum, extracted from the revenues of the lake of Porou, to the monastery. The Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis gave between 1369 and 1371 the selište located between the village Akroterion (Akrotirion) and the river Plumiska as a tax-free property to the Monastery of Batopedi with all rights. The selište was a possession of Lanzo (probably Lantzaretos), who lived at the time as Kalabaris or was bonded by a certain contract with Kalabaris (i darova crtvo mi ōbitěli prstie Bce Vatopedu selište megju Akrotiro, i megju Plumsko šte e drьžalь Lanzo pri Kalavari sь vsemi megjami i pravinami sela toga). The Protaton on Mount Athos gathered in December 1370 at the behest of the Serbian Despot Ioannes Unklesis ruled the dispute over the village of Mpresnitza in favour of the Hilandar Monastery. He endowed in 1370/1371 the Hilandar Monastery with the village Akroterion (Akrotirion) and the katun of Vlachs Zarvince. He gave also pastures and hunting grounds in the vicinity of the village Akroterion and the katun of Vlachs Zarvince to the monastery (I priložihь na jezěre, u prěděle rědinьskōmь, selo Akrotirь i s pašišti i sь lovišti i sь v’sěmi megjami i pravinami sela toga. I selo katunь vlahь imenemь Zar’vin’ce sь v’sěmi pašišti i megjami i pravinami sela togo). Ioannes Unklesis donated in or before 1371 a vineyard and a farmland in the place called Koremistes to the monastery complex Theotokos Kataphygion near Melnik (ἕτερον ἀμπέλιον καὶ ζευγηλατεῖον, εὑρισκόμενα περὶ τὸν τόπον τῆς Κορεμίστης, ἅπερ ἔδωκεν ὁ εὐτυχέστατος δεσπότης Σερβίας ὁ Οὔγκλεσης). In January 1371 Sabas, the Protos at the Mount Athos, granted the small monastery of Makrou to Ioannes Unklesis. In April 1371 Ioannes Unklesis donated the fishpond of Saint Theodore in the lake of Porou with all its possessions and rights, including the fishing privileges in the lagoon, to the Batopedi Monastery. Ioannes Unklesis established the contact with Constantinople in 1367/1368 in order to reconcile with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and to overcome the schism. He therefore received Theophanes, the Metropolitan of Nikaia and at the same time emissary of the patriarch of Constantiople, at his residence. He send im March 1368 a letter to the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which has been preserved in the Register of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Ioannes Unklesis proposed in the letter that the metropolises in the territory of his realm, among them the Metropolises of Drama, Christupolis, Serres and Zichna should respect the authority of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. Philotheos Kokkinos, the Patriarch of Constantinople, and the Ecumenil synod issued a charter in May 1371, where they officialy proclaimed the Union with the eparchies under the control of Ioannes Unklesis. Philotheos Kokkinos describes him as ὁ εὐτυχέστατος δεσπότης Σερβίας, κῦρις Ἰωάννης ὁ Οὔγκλεσης, τοῦ πλέον τοῖς ἡμετέροις μέρεσιν ἐγγίζοντος τόπου κύριος καταστὰς, ἄνθρωπος ὑπάρχων φρόνιμος καὶ καλὸς καὶ τρόπου καὶ συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς καὶ τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ φόβον κεκτημένος, ἠθέλησεν ἐπανασώσασθαι τὰς ἐκκλησίας ταύτας τῇ ἰδίᾳ μετρὶ καὶ κεφαλῇ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν. Demetrios Blukasinos and his brother Ioannes Unklesis commanded the Serbian forces, which fought against the Ottoman army commanded by the Beglerbeg Lala Şahin Pasha and Evrenos near the village Černomen on 26th September 1371. His name is attested in the brebion (memorial book), which has been preserved at Protaton in Karyes on Mount Athos (Protaton 340 [113], 1v: Ἔτι δεόμεθα ὑπὲρ μακαρίας μνήμης καὶ ἀφέσεως τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τῶν ἀειμνήστων δούλων τοῦ Θεοῦ Δημητρίου κράλη καὶ Ἰωάννου δεσπότου καὶ τῶν σὺν αὐτοῖς ἀναιρεθέντων ὀρθοδόξων χριστιανῶν).
Velislava Marija	Person	κτητόρισσα/Ktitorica	Mentioned in the epitaph from 28th September 1372 in the Church of the Dormition of the Mother of God in Matka near Treska. She was probably one of the patrons of the church. An epitaph dedicated to her is in the front of the altar of the church (počto divyte se ō človeci zrešte mene v grobě vědïte jako i takožde vy hoštete biti nь pomnušte mi s vami ljubo pomenuïte i mene rabu božyju mariju a zovōm velislavu prěstavi se měseca septebra ki vь lěto ѕ.ō.pa).
Vidoslavь	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the Lesnovski pomenik, a compilation of commemorations from the 16th to 18th century based on older sources. The terminus post quem for the entry regarding the family of the Despot Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) is 1353. He was the son of Ioannes Liberos (᾿Ιωάννης Λίβερος, Jovan Oliver) and Maria Liberissa (Μαρία Λιβέρισσα, Ana Marija,). His uncle was Mpogdanos (Μπογδάνος, Bogdan). He was the brother of Kraikos (Κράϊκος, Krajko), Damianos (Δαμιανός, Damjan), Dabiživь, Rusinь, Oliverь and Danica. He is attested in the Lesnovo pomenik along with his family as a ktitor (Poměni, gospodi, blagočьstivyihь ktitorь našihь vь carstvi si: Olivera děspota, i podružie Mariju, i čeda ihь: Dьnicu, Kraika, Damiana, Vidoslava, Dabiživa, Rusina, Olivera).
Vitomirь (2)	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Identical with Vitomirь 3? Mentioned in the inscription next to the portrait of a young man on the west wall of the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. The depiction is part of the ktitorial composition. The wall painting of Vitomirь can be dated around 1360. His parents were Despot Dejanь? and Doja. His brother was Stajo. He was a member of a family, which sponsored the Church of Saint John the Theologian at the Zemen Monastery. He is depicted as a young man. His portrait is on the west wall of the naos. The wording of the inscription can be interpreted as follows (molba raba božija vitomira).
Vitomirь (3)	Person	vlasteličićВластеличик	Identical with Vitomirь 2? Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V for Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik from May 1356. He appears as vlasteličik carьstva mi in the charter. He together with Staniša bought the vineyards of Luv’ro and Turkar(ev). They donated these vineyards to Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V confirmed the gift of Vitomirь and Staniša in a chrysobull charter for Kyrillos, the Metropolitan of Melnik in May 1356 (I ōšte se carьstvo mi zьgovori z gospoždomь caricomь materiju carьstva mi i pridados’mo selo Smilovo sь vsьmi pravinami i s megjami i sь zasel’ci kako su drьžali vlasteličiki carьstva mi v’se čisto. I ošte mu zapisa carьstvo mi vinograd Turkarevь i Luv’rov što mu su darovali vlasteličiki carьstva mi Vitomirь i Staniša).
Višeslava	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Hilandar Monastery, which was issued on the 10th August 1354. She appears as gospožda carьstva mi in the source. Her husband was probably the commander (vojvoda) Bogoje. She had two sons. Their names were Bogdan and Bogoje. She together with her sons Bogdan and Bogoje donated the village Lěskovljani with all boundaries and rights to the Hilandar Monastery (ō priloženi što jestь priložila gospožda carьstva mi Višeslava hramu Prěsvetije Bogorodice Hilandarьskije, selo Lěskovlěne s megomь, s periōromь i vsěmi pravinami sela togo po htěniju gospožde Višeslave i sinovь jeje Bogdana i Bogoja, a ni po jednoi silě ni po nevoli). The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan together with wife Jelena and his son King Uroš, confirmed the endowment of Višeslava and her family at the request of Sava, Hegumen of the Hilandar Monastery in a chrysobull charter.
Vladislava (2)	Person	σεβαστοκρατόρισσα/Sevastokratorica	Mentioned in the inscription accompanying her painted portrait in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača. The portrait of Vladislava was painted probably between 1365 and 1371. She was married to sevastokratorь Vladko and therefore held the title sevastokratorica. Her sons were Stefanь and Ugleša. The painted portrait of Vladislava is preserved on the southern wall of the narthex in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Psača next to the image of Vladko.
Vladojevikь Mladěnь	Person	κτήτωρ/Κτίτωρ/Ktitorь	Mentioned in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan in favour of the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren from 1347/1348. His mother and his family are attested in the charter. He and his family erected the Church of Holy Saviour (Sveti Spas) in Prizren. The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan donated the Church of Holy Saviour in Prizren with all its possessions to the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren. He offered Mladěnь the Church of Saint Andrew (or the church, which belonged to Andričь) in Ōhrid instead. The property exchange was confirmed in the charter of the Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan for the Monastery of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel near Prizren in accordance to the law: church for church, village for village, vineyard for vineyard and mill for mill (I simь ōbrazomь zaměnihь crьkvь Spasa u Mladěna Vladojevikja i u matere jego i u vsega rodьstva jego, rek’še h’titorьst’va ego, i za vse sela s ljud’mi i zemlomь i s vinogradi i sь vsěmi pravinami iže se nahoděše crьkve te, ili u gradu ili u župě ili indě gdě ljubo, nihь volomь i nihь hotěnijemь, a ne někoju nuždeju, zaměnihь i dahь zaměnu u Ohridě An’dričju crьkvь za crьkvь, sela za sela, vinograde za vinograde, mline za mline i što jestь imala crьkvь tazi ōt prěžde, vse mu da carьstvo mi, i zapisahь Mladěnu i jegově materi da si drьže vь město segazi u baštinu kako jestь drьžalь Spasa takozi da si drьži Andričju, a Mladěnь ni jegovь rodimь da vekje ne poište onezi baštine, ni crьkve Spasove iže jestь u Prizrěně).
Voihna (3)	Person	dvoranin	He lived before 1362/1374. He was the subject of the inscription on the stone gravestone, which was found in the Church of Saint George (Saint Archangel) near Konjuh. He was the courtier of Radovanь († a se ležitь rabь boži Voihna dvoraninь Radovanovь mladь prěstavi se k.e. dьnь i bogь da prosti).
Ōduevikь Theōdorь	Person	Nobleman	Mentioned in the chrysobull charter of the Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) for the Monastery of Kutlumus from April 1369. The Serbian Despot Ioan Uglješa (Ioannes Unklesis) donated the village Neōhorь on the plain of Mavrovo with all boundaries and rights to the Monastery of Kutlumus. The monastery obtained all estates, which were in possession of Theōdorь Ōduevikь (selo u poli Mavrovьskom imenem Neōhorь sь vsemi megami i s pravinami sela togai, sь vsemь što e drьžalь Theōdorь Ōduevikь pri carstvě mi).